Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2610.15641

Bistatic Delay-Doppler Sensing for 3D Target Localization in Distributed Wi-Fi Systems

Kyungmin Hong·Moein Ahmadi·Thomas Stifter·Mounim A. El Yacoubi·Bhavani Shankar Mysore R
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

This paper investigates how bistatic delay information improves the observability and localization performance of 3D moving targets in distributed Wi-Fi sensing. Motivated by emerging IEEE 802.11bf WLAN sensing, we consider one transmitter, multiple distributed receivers, and a single target with unknown position and velocity. We compare Doppler-only sensing with delay-Doppler sensing, in which delay-capable receivers provide additional bistatic path-length information for target localization. We derive the Fisher information matrix (FIM) and the position equivalent FIM (EFIM) for both sensing formulations. The resulting observability analysis shows that Doppler-only localization generically requires six receivers, whereas delay-Doppler localization can become locally identifiable with three receivers under non-degenerate geometry. We further study mixed receiver architectures in which only a subset of receivers provides delay estimates. Simulations with Wi-Fi-like bandwidths confirm the transition and quantify the roles of bandwidth, Doppler noise, receiver geometry, and delay-capable receiver availability.

Explore related subjects

eess.SPcs.ITmath.IT

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Kyungmin Hong, Moein Ahmadi, Thomas Stifter, Mounim A. El Yacoubi, Bhavani Shankar Mysore R. 2026-10-11. Bistatic Delay-Doppler Sensing for 3D Target Localization in Distributed Wi-Fi Systems. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.15641

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

The Derivation of The Probability of Error for BPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM in Rayleigh Fading Channel: A Unified Approach

Understanding the probability of error is paramount in the design and analysis of digital communication systems, particularly in Rayleigh fading channels where signal impairments are prevalent. This article presents a unified approach for deriving the probability of error formulations applicable to Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16-QAM), and 64-QAM in Rayleigh fading channels. This article presents a general approach to derive the probability of error formulations applicable to Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), 16-Quadruple Amplitude Modulation (16-QAM) and 64-QAM in Rayleigh fading channels. The derivation process encompasses the unique characteristics of each modulation scheme and the statistical properties of Rayleigh fading providing a comprehensive framework to analyze error performance. By establishing a unified formulation, this approach simplifies the analysis and facilitates a deeper understanding of error probability behavior across different modulation schemes. The derived formulations offer insights into the impact of fading-induced impairments on system performance, allowing for accurate prediction and optimization of communication systems in real-world fading environments. The insights and techniques presented herein serve as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners engaged in the design and optimization of communication systems operating in challenging fading environments.

eess.SP↗
arXiv2026

What If They Took the Shot? A Hierarchical Bayesian Framework for Counterfactual Expected Goals

How would the probability of scoring change if a different player took the same shot? Although expected goals models describe the difficulty of scoring opportunities, comparing players on identical chances requires accounting for uncertainty in their estimated conversion probabilities. We address this question through a hierarchical Bayesian framework that evaluates alternative shooters under the same observed circumstances. Using 35,700 eligible shots from four leagues during the 2015/16 season, we compare a contextual benchmark with a primary player-intercept model and a provisional extension that allows player differences to vary with shooting conditions. Paired posterior draws preserve shared uncertainty when individual probability differences are aggregated across opportunities. Chronological validation demonstrates improved predictive performance relative to a constant-rate baseline, but introducing player effects provides negligible additional gains. Controlled single-seed experiments show that greater information per player improves estimation accuracy and narrows uncertainty intervals, although distinguishing small differences remains difficult and confident conclusions about near-null effects can become more frequent. Applications involving Giroud--Vardy and Berardi--Sansone similarly yield estimated differences that are small relative to their posterior uncertainty. These findings highlight an important distinction between predicting the outcome of a shot and establishing whether one player would be more likely to convert it. The proposed framework makes this distinction explicit by evaluating alternative shooters on fixed recorded opportunities while accounting for their contextual exposure. The resulting comparisons concern conditional conversion rather than the causal consequences of replacing a player in a match.

eess.SP↗
arXiv2026

UPSim: UxNB Propagation Simulator for 3D Map-Driven FR3 Deployments

We introduce UPSim (UxNB Propagation Simulator), an open-source, Ray Tracing-calibrated solution for spatially consistent FR3 (16.95 GHz) air-to-ground propagation modeling in Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks. Instead of executing point-to-point ray launches for every ground position, UPSim derives deterministic visibility regions directly from global 3D building geometry (3D-GloBFP) via fast shadow projection. It then augments these regions with Line-of-Sight (LOS) state-specific, UAV height- and distance-dependent path loss, spatially correlated large-scale fading, and log-logistic small-scale fading parameterized by over 136 million Ray Tracing (RT) channels. Validation against reference RT data demonstrates that UPSim accurately reproduces empirical attenuation maps, outperforming the 3GPP baseline by reducing the aggregate Kolmogorov-Smirnov distance from 0.33 to 0.04. The resulting maps enable route-based analysis of channel evolution in complex urban layouts, capturing critical trajectory-level metrics such as spatial outage persistence. Consequently, UPSim provides a highly scalable, open-source middle ground between computationally expensive full RT and purely stochastic models for mobility-aware 6G aerial network planning.

eess.SP↗