Dual-Polarized Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for mmWave Communications: A Practical Design and Prototype Implementation

Abstract

This work presents a dual-polarized rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) design for millimeter-wave (mmWave) or frequency range 2 (FR2) communications. Focusing on a practical implementation, we consider the specific scenario of a single transmitter serving two receivers (users) within the same time, frequency, and code resource block. The transmitter and each receiver are equipped with a pair of dual-polarized antennas. We first present the system formulation and compute the achievable rate expressions for discrete constellations. Based on these expressions, we propose and evaluate two receiver architectures: one based on successive interference cancellation (SIC) and a non-SIC decoder. Both designs exhibit comparable performance, and the combination of polarization diversity and RSMA provides the system with significant flexibility to adapt to different channel conditions when serving both users, while the non-SIC decoder enables a simpler hardware implementation. We then present a prototype implementation of the proposed design, operating at a carrier frequency of 25 GHz, and evaluate it by measuring the symbol error rate (SER) of the different data streams under various signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and polarization diversity conditions. The obtained measurements show good agreement with software simulations, thereby validating the system implementation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first mmWave RSMA prototype reported in the literature and the first to exploit polarization diversity. Furthermore, given the selected carrier frequency, the proposed design may also find applicability in the upper portion of the envisioned FR3 band (7-24 GHz).