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arXiv · 2610.24585

DeliMF: Gated Cross-Attention Fusion of Structured Time Series and Clinical Text for Early Intensive Care Delirium Prediction

Yibo Yang·Zerui Huang·Haomiao Yang·Zixia Wang
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Abstract

Delirium affects a large fraction of intensive care unit (ICU) patients and foreshadows longer stays, lasting cognitive decline, and higher mortality. Flagging the patients who will become delirious within the first day of admission would give clinicians a window to intervene. Yet state-of-the-art predictors rely only on the structured electronic health record (EHR) of vital signs, laboratory values, and medications, while overlooking the free-text clinical notes written in the same window, which carry information the numbers cannot encode. To this end, we present DeliMF, a multimodal framework that fuses the structured time series with clinical text. It encodes the structured signals with a temporal Transformer and the time-stamped radiology reports with a clinical text encoder, and fuses the two through a gated cross-attention module. The gate learns a per-patient weight on the text; when a patient has no note the gate closes and DeliMF reduces to its structured-only form, giving robustness to missing text by construction. On an incident-only MIMIC-IV cohort, DeliMF improves significantly over the baselines, particularly on patients who carry clinical text, while losing nothing on those without. Ablation studies confirm the contribution of multimodal fusion and gated cross-attention, and a case study further shows that fusing clinical text with the structured stream recovers delirium cases that the structured data alone misses. We hope DeliMF encourages early ICU prediction to make fuller use of the overlooked clinical text and contributes to the early identification and timely intervention of delirium.

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Yibo Yang, Zerui Huang, Haomiao Yang, Zixia Wang. 2026-10-17. DeliMF: Gated Cross-Attention Fusion of Structured Time Series and Clinical Text for Early Intensive Care Delirium Prediction. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.24585

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