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arXiv · 2610.28017

Relativistic Strong Quantum Mpemba Effect

Zhilong Liu·Zehua Tian·Hui Jing·Jieci Wang
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Abstract

The Unruh effect links acceleration to thermalization, providing a relativistic setting for anomalous quantum relaxation. We demonstrate a {\it relativistic} strong quantum Mpemba effect in the Unruh thermalization of a two-level detector coupled to a massless scalar field. For a fixed pair of isospectral initial states, relaxation curves that never cross in inertial motion exhibit a Mpemba crossing above a threshold acceleration. At a higher, precisely tuned acceleration, the initially farther state has zero overlap with the slowest decay mode and relaxes with a faster asymptotic exponential rate. We identify how competition between transition and dephasing channels governs the relaxation spectrum, where sufficiently strong longitudinal coupling enables acceleration to switch the relaxation bottleneck between population and coherence modes. We derive the spectral-switching condition and construct isospectral preparation protocols that eliminate slow-mode contributions within their physical domains. These protocols reveal how coherence can suppress or enhance slow-mode overlap at fixed purity, depending on the underlying spectral structure. Our results establish acceleration as a control parameter for anomalous quantum relaxation, connecting relativistic quantum dynamics with nonequilibrium thermodynamics.

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Zhilong Liu, Zehua Tian, Hui Jing, Jieci Wang. 2026-10-20. Relativistic Strong Quantum Mpemba Effect. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28017

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