Continual Concept Personalization in Diffusion Models via Residual-Space Adaptation

Abstract

Text-to-image personalization aims to equip pretrained diffusion models with the ability to learn user-specific concepts from only a few reference images. Existing methods, however, typically train each concept independently or assume that all concepts are available simultaneously. In practical applications, concepts often arrive sequentially, requiring models to continually learn new subjects, objects, or styles while minimizing interference with previously acquired concepts. We address this continual concept personalization setting by extending residual-space adaptation to the stochastic adaptation process of pretrained diffusion models. Our work achieves the highest concept fidelity among competing continual personalization methods while maintaining near-zero forgetting. Beyond these empirical gains, the learned residual-space dynamics reveal where adaptation capacity is concentrated within the diffusion model. Restricting adaptation to the identified layers by our method preserves nearly the same performance while reducing the number of trainable parameters by up to 72\%, demonstrating that residual-space dynamics can identify the layers that contribute most to continual concept personalization and directly guide more parameter-efficient adaptation.