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arXiv · 2610.35250

Effects of Pulse Duration on Kerr Self-Focusing and Weld Formation in Ultrafast Laser Welding of Fused Silica

Chen Yitong·Li Nan·Han Zhijie·Li Yuxuan·Zhang Qingwei·Dong Zihui·Sun Yuming·Lin Zhe·Zhu Gangyi·Yang Shanglu
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Abstract

Kerr self-focusing can shift the laser interaction region away from the geometrical focus, making energy deposition near the joining interface difficult to control. Here, the effect of pulse duration on nonlinear focusing and weld formation is investigated from 262 fs to 10 ps. ICCD imaging shows clear changes in the axial position and shape of the plasma emission. Different pulse durations already produce distinct axial positions during the initial 2000 pulses, and these positions continue to evolve with pulse accumulation. The final weld morphology, weld position, and shear strength show corresponding changes. A ray-optics model including the Kerr effect is used to calculate the focal shift. The simulated trend agrees with the experiment and supports the role of Kerr self-focusing in the observed focal position change. These results clarify the relationship between pulse duration, nonlinear focusing, interaction position, and weld formation.

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Chen Yitong, Li Nan, Han Zhijie, Li Yuxuan, Zhang Qingwei, Dong Zihui, Sun Yuming, Lin Zhe, Zhu Gangyi, Yang Shanglu. 2026-10-26. Effects of Pulse Duration on Kerr Self-Focusing and Weld Formation in Ultrafast Laser Welding of Fused Silica. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.35250

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