ConfluxServe: Reconciling Resource Utilization and Parallelism Efficiency across Prefill and Decode in LLM Serving

Wenhao Chen; Hong Zhang

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arXiv · 2610.37810

ConfluxServe: Reconciling Resource Utilization and Parallelism Efficiency across Prefill and Decode in LLM Serving

Wenhao Chen·Hong Zhang

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Abstract

Prefill and decode are complementary in resource usage, but often divergent in parallelism preferences. Executing the two phases separately preserves their preferred parallelism but leaves complementary resources underutilized, while co-batching improves utilization but often requires a uniform parallel configuration that hurts execution efficiency. To resolve this utilization-efficiency dilemma, we propose Conflux Parallelism (XP), a parallel execution abstraction that co-executes prefill and decode with different parallelism within the same batch. Conflux Parallelism exploits operator-level Transformer structure to construct a heterogeneous execution path with different batching and parallelism strategies across operators, combining the best of co-batching and phase-specific execution. Building on Conflux Parallelism, we design ConfluxServe, an SLO-aware serving system that maximizes cluster goodput under TTFT and TBT constraints. Evaluation on production workloads shows that ConfluxServe improves serving goodput by 1.26-1.62x over the strongest baselines.

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BibTeX RIS

Wenhao Chen, Hong Zhang. 2026-10-27. ConfluxServe: Reconciling Resource Utilization and Parallelism Efficiency across Prefill and Decode in LLM Serving. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37810

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