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arXiv · 2610.38264

Asteroseismic properties of young pulsators in the Perseus Molecular Cloud. Discovery of period-spacing patterns in HD 281229

Saakshi Wadhwa·Dario J. Fritzewski·Gang Li·Simon J. Murphy
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Abstract

Very young pulsating stars, including pre-main sequence pulsators, provide a rare opportunity to probe stellar interiors and investigate rotation during the earliest phases of stellar evolution. However, they remain relatively unexplored, particularly in the intermediate-mass regime. We aim to identify and characterise young pulsating stars in the Perseus Molecular Cloud using photometric data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We compiled Gaia-based membership catalogues for the Perseus Molecular Cloud, applied selection criteria to isolate young intermediate-mass stars, and extracted light curves from TESS full-frame images. Variability classification was performed using Lomb-Scargle periodograms and iterative pre-whitening. For confirmed pressure-mode pulsators, we estimated the frequency of maximum pulsation power, $ν_{\mathrm{max}}$. For gravity-mode candidates, we searched for period-spacing patterns and fit them using the traditional approximation of rotation. From 148 membership-selected targets, we identified eight pressure-mode pulsators and two objects showing possible gravity-mode pulsations. We analysed the previously known $δ$ Sct star V705 Per, bringing the total sample to 149 targets. One of the gravity-mode pulsators, HD 281229, is the youngest star known to date with a detected and modelled period-spacing pattern. By simultaneously fitting the dipole and quadrupole period-spacing patterns, we estimate an asymptotic period spacing of $Π_0=4776\pm400$ s and a near-core rotation frequency of $f_{\mathrm{rot}}=1.317\pm0.05$ $\mathrm{d}^{-1}$. These results highlight the potential of asteroseismology to probe the internal structure and rotation of very young stars. The detected period-spacing pattern in HD 281229 shows that gravity-mode asteroseismology can provide meaningful constraints on the properties of stars at early evolutionary stages.

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Saakshi Wadhwa, Dario J. Fritzewski, Gang Li, Simon J. Murphy. 2026-10-28. Asteroseismic properties of young pulsators in the Perseus Molecular Cloud. Discovery of period-spacing patterns in HD 281229. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.38264

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