Arithmetic classification of the Dirichlet eigenvalues for a one-dimensional nonlocal $p$-Laplacian problem

Abstract

We classify the arithmetic nature of the Dirichlet eigenvalues of a homogeneous nonlocal one-dimensional $p$-Laplacian problem with power-type nonlinearity $|u|^{q-2}u$. For rational $p,q>1$, either all eigenvalues are algebraic or all are transcendental. Algebraicity holds exactly when the interval length is an algebraic multiple of a distinguished scale determined by a beta value. This scale is transcendental. When $p=q$, the criterion reduces to algebraicity of the interval length divided by $π$,independently of the rational exponent.