Towards constraining cosmology with HI--galaxy cross-correlations from MeerKLASS

Abstract

We present an inference of cosmological parameters from the cross-correlation power spectrum between the MeerKLASS 2019 L-band HI intensity maps and the overlapping WiggleZ galaxies at $z \simeq 0.43$. The analysis is intended as a proof of concept to verify that the full pipeline, from the foreground cleaning of the maps to the likelihood analysis, can be applied end-to-end to real data and can return results consistent with the concordance cosmology. The model of the observed power spectrum includes observational effects that are relevant to a single-dish experiment. In the most optimistic scenario in which we hold the astrophysical nuisance parameters fixed, we obtain $H_0 = 65.3^{+5.8}_{-10}\text{ km s}^{-1}\text{ Mpc}^{-1}$ and $Ω_{\text{m}} = 0.44^{+0.12}_{-0.30}$ at the 68% confidence level. We find that sampling the HI amplitude with an informative prior retains most of the constraining power and changes these results by less than 1 sigma. Moreover, using synthetic data, we show that neglecting the observational effects in the model biases the inferred parameters by up to 2.5 sigma and also underestimates their uncertainties. Finally, we show that varying the number of foreground modes removed and the range of scales included changes the inferred parameters by less than 0.5 sigma. These results demonstrate the robustness of our pipeline in modelling HI intensity mapping data, and set the foundation for future cosmological inference with intensity mapping using MeerKLASS and SKAO.