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arXiv · 2610.39390

The origin of UV emission in extremely low-mass satellite galaxies: Insights from Leo T

S Amrutha·Mousumi Das·Daniel Vaz·Jarle Brinchmann
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Abstract

Leo T, a Milky Way (MW) satellite, is the lowest-mass gas-rich galaxy known to show recent star formation, making it an excellent laboratory for investigating star formation in the ultraviolet (UV) regime within a low-density, metal-poor environment. We present a far-UV (FUV) study using Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) data, aiming to characterize FUV star-forming clusters (SFCs), identify FUV-emitting stars, constrain their properties, and explore star formation in an extremely low-mass, metal-poor galaxy. We examined the galaxy's FUV extent and compared it with the H I distribution. We extracted thirty SFCs and derived their properties, including area, luminosity, and star formation rate (SFR), and compared them with previous studies. FUV-emitting stars and their stellar parameters were identified through cross-matching with catalogs from the Hubble Space Telescope and the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE). We also estimated the global SFR and star formation efficiencies (SFEs) associated with previously identified CO clouds. The FUV luminosities of the SFCs confirm the absence of massive O and B-type stars in Leo T. The FUV-emitting stellar population consists of main-sequence (MS) stars, blue loop (BL) stars, horizontal branch stars, and emission-line (EM) stars. The upper MS and EM stars are concentrated near the optical center, whereas the lower MS and BL stars are more spatially extended. We find that five out of the six FUV-emitting stars with MUSE spectroscopy are extremely metal-poor ([Fe/H] $\leq$ -3). The (NUV - r) color profile indicates that the UV emission is dominated by stellar populations younger than 1 Gyr out to a radius $\lt$ 185 pc. Despite the recent detection of CO(1-0) emission, no SFCs are associated with the molecular clouds, which exhibit extremely low SFEs. The spatial distribution of the SFCs suggests a directional interaction with the MW.

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S Amrutha, Mousumi Das, Daniel Vaz, Jarle Brinchmann. 2026-10-29. The origin of UV emission in extremely low-mass satellite galaxies: Insights from Leo T. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361%2F202661825

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