Riccati Equations and the Third Problem of Halmos

Kui Ji; Zhenyue Wang

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arXiv · 2610.39605

Riccati Equations and the Third Problem of Halmos

Kui Ji·Zhenyue Wang

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Abstract

Rencently, Fang, Hou, Jiang, and Zhang reduced Halmos's third problem to invertible operators with conjugate bi-geometric form. An operator has such a form if, with respect to an orthogonal decomposition, it admits a representation $$ T = \begin{pmatrix} A & C \\ 0 & B \end{pmatrix}, \quad A^*, B \in B_1(O_δ),$$ where $O_δ=\{z\in\mathbb C:|z|<δ\}$ for some $δ>0$, and $B_1(O_δ)$ denotes the rank-one Cowen--Douglas class. We restrict our attention to the case $B=A^*$ with strictly positive coupling $C$, and settle Halmos's third problem for this class of operators. More precisely,we prove that every such operator $T$ is invertible and that $T^{-1}$ has a nontrivial closed invariant subspace. This result contributes to the study of Halmos's third problem within the conjugate bi-geometric framework.The proof combines monotone solutions of operator Riccati equations with strong operator convergence to construct invariant subspaces for associated Hamiltonian operator matrices.

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Kui Ji, Zhenyue Wang. 2026-10-29. Riccati Equations and the Third Problem of Halmos. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39605

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