Whitham Deformations of Nodal Spectral Curves of the Sinh-Gordon Equation

Ross Ogilvie

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arXiv · 2610.40197

Whitham Deformations of Nodal Spectral Curves of the Sinh-Gordon Equation

Ross Ogilvie

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Abstract

Spectral curves of constant mean curvature tori in Euclidean three-space are real hyperelliptic curves carrying two meromorphic differentials with integral periods. Deformations that preserve the periods, called Whitham deformations, are well understood for nonsingular curves, where the isoperiodic sets are manifolds. We extend Whitham deformations to curves with ordinary double points that are fixed by the real involution. At such curves the isoperiodic sets remain manifolds and are transverse to the curves with double points, so Whitham deformations can change the genus of the spectral curve. We describe how the double points open, and when the derivative of the normalized Willmore energy vanishes at a nodal curve. By inserting double points, we show that every value of a discrete invariant of the isoperiodic sets found in previous work occurs.

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Ross Ogilvie. 2026-10-29. Whitham Deformations of Nodal Spectral Curves of the Sinh-Gordon Equation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.40197

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