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arXiv · 2610.40301

Ricci curvature of semigroup walks on graphs and generator representations

Sajjad Lakzian
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Abstract

We present an operator-theoretic framework for the Ollivier--Ricci curvature of (one-parameter families of) random walks generated by positive semigroups on graphs. On a metrically complete graph $(G,d)$ that is $d$-locally finite, we introduce a class of admissible semigroup random walks whose infinitesimal first-order approximation is itself a random walk. We prove that the Ollivier--Ricci curvature of an admissible semigroup random walk is well-defined and completely determined by its first-order approximation. We then establish a variational representation of the curvature of random walks in terms of a notion of the initial-time generator. This representation applies in particular to admissible semigroup random walks. Finally, we use this representation to define an operator-theoretic Ollivier--Ricci curvature for operators acting on spaces of functions over general metric spaces and establish sufficient conditions for well-definedness. This framework contains, in particular, Markovian random walks associated with discrete Laplacians.

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Sajjad Lakzian. 2026-10-29. Ricci curvature of semigroup walks on graphs and generator representations. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.40301

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