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arXiv · 2610.41897

Quantitative Ultrasound Characterizes Perfusion Trajectories in Healthy and Inflamed Gingival Wound Healing

Haowei Tai·Oscar Duran-Garnica·Karen Villarreal·Hsun-Liang Chan·Oliver D. Kripfgans
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Abstract

Rationale and Objectives: Visual examination of extraction-site healing provides limited insight into underlying vascular recovery. We developed a quantitative ultrasound framework to assess gingival perfusion and persistent inflammation. Materials and Methods: Patients (n = 51) undergoing extraction and socket preservation were imaged longitudinally using color-flow ultrasound and laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA) from 2 weeks to 3 months after extraction. Pre-scan-converted Total Recall Imaging (TRI) data with phase information were processed using scan conversion, bilateral filtering, and power estimation to derive velocity-weighted color pixel density (CPDvel). Gingival regions of interest were automatically segmented using deep learning and assessed with Dice and Bland-Altman analyses. CPDvel was compared between healthy and inflamed visits in early (<35 days) and recovery (>35 days) periods and with LASCA. Results: Segmentation achieved a mean Dice score of 0.98 and median of 0.99 (IQR, 0.98-0.99), with minimal area bias (-0.005%; 95% limits of agreement, -1.68% to 1.67%). Median CPDvel decreased by 81% between early and recovery periods in healthy visits (p = 0.01), compared with a nonsignificant 26% reduction in inflamed visits (p = 0.31). During recovery, CPDvel was higher in inflamed than healthy visits (0.12 vs 0.03 cm/s; p = 0.04). LASCA showed smaller reductions (13% and 9%, respectively). CPDvel was positively correlated with LASCA in healthy (one-sided p = 0.03) and inflamed visits (one-sided p = 0.13). Conclusions: TRI-based quantitative ultrasound enabled automated perfusion assessment with reduced dependence on scanner display settings. Distinct perfusion patterns and more pronounced temporal changes than LASCA support its potential for noninvasive monitoring of oral wound healing and persistent inflammation.

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Haowei Tai, Oscar Duran-Garnica, Karen Villarreal, Hsun-Liang Chan, Oliver D. Kripfgans. 2026-10-30. Quantitative Ultrasound Characterizes Perfusion Trajectories in Healthy and Inflamed Gingival Wound Healing. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41897

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