Quantum Diffusion and the Block-Size Crossover in the Block Anderson Model

Abstract

We study the block Anderson Hamiltonian \(H_L=λΨ_L+\mathcal V\) on the discrete torus \((\mathbb Z/L\mathbb Z)^d\), \(d\geq2\), where \(Ψ_L\) is the nearest-neighbor Laplacian and \(\mathcal V\) consists of independent \(W^d\times W^d\) GOE blocks. In the weak-disorder limit \(λ\to\infty\), we establish an entrywise local law, a spatial scaling limit for the squared resolvent entries, time-averaged dynamical delocalization, and lower bounds on the localization length of most bulk eigenfunctions. Particularly, we allow the block size to be fixed or grow above a polylogarithmic threshold. In sufficiently large polynomial volumes, the dynamical estimates hold for \(C_δ(λ+W/λ)\leq T\leq λ^{1+κ_d^{\rm BA}-δ}\), with a dimension-dependent exponent \(κ_d^{\rm BA}>0\), and the spreading scale is \(\sqrt{(λ^3+λW)T}\). This identifies a transition at \(W\asympλ^2\) between \(λ^{3/2}\sqrt T\) and \(\sqrt{λWT}\). The proof combines Gaussian moment estimates with deterministic stability of a matrix Dyson equation. A partial Bloch transform handles fixed blocks, while scalar reduction controls growing blocks. A Feshbach--Schur reduction of the block \(T\)-equation separates a single scalar diffusion mode from the stable internal cell modes. A renewal expansion and exact cell counting give a positive representation of the diffusion coefficient and control the fourth moment uniformly across the block-size transition. Notably, our argument does not require an enumeration of Feynman diagrams.