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arXiv · 2611.00743

Energy-Centroid Trembling near Exceptional Points in Photonic Time Crystals

Kyungmin Lee·Younsung Kim·Minwook Kyung·Seungmin Yeon·Bumki Min
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Abstract

In a photonic time crystal with a modulated Lorentz restoring coefficient, modulation reweights the potential energy of the polarization and loss drains its kinetic energy; when these sectors are offset within a pulse, the energy centroid trembles in every cycle while the Poynting-flux velocity stays bounded. Near the gap-edge exceptional point the mode geometry amplifies these offsets, and for a narrow-band pulse on one passband Floquet branch the trembling-velocity amplitude generically grows as the inverse square root of the momentum detuning, rounded by finite bandwidth. Loss modulated in phase or in antiphase with the restoring coefficient can change the trembling coefficient while the band-slope and Petermann coefficients barely move. In the lossy example studied, a forward field pulse launched with the polarization at rest exhibits delayed bursts near the beat recurrence after substantial energy loss, with monochromatic amplitudes following the inverse three-halves power of the detuning over the computed range. Intracycle energy exchange and preparation thus shape the centroid motion beyond what the band slope and the Floquet Petermann factor determine.

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Kyungmin Lee, Younsung Kim, Minwook Kyung, Seungmin Yeon, Bumki Min. 2026-10-31. Energy-Centroid Trembling near Exceptional Points in Photonic Time Crystals. https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.00743

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