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arXiv · 2611.01271

Likelihood-Free Schrödinger--Föllmer Sampling for Bayesian Inference with Fixed-Proposal Reuse

Xihan Ren·Zhijian He·Du Ouyang
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Abstract

We study Bayesian posterior sampling when the likelihood is an expectation that is costly to evaluate. We construct a likelihood-free Schrödinger--Föllmer sampler whose drift is written as a ratio of expectations over Gaussian variables and simulator outputs and is estimated directly from joint draws of the two. Importance sampling with a fixed proposal allows the simulator outputs to be generated once and reused across all time steps and trajectories. For the likelihood-free Schrödinger--Föllmer sampler, which draws new Monte Carlo samples at each step, we bound the terminal Wasserstein error under regularity and moment assumptions, separating time-discretization and integration errors. For the likelihood-free Schrödinger--Föllmer sampler with sample reuse, we prove that the output converges to the posterior in the Wasserstein distance, assuming only a finite posterior second moment. Numerical experiments illustrate the reduction in simulator calls and the benefits of randomized quasi-Monte Carlo for drift estimation.

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Xihan Ren, Zhijian He, Du Ouyang. 2026-10-31. Likelihood-Free Schrödinger--Föllmer Sampling for Bayesian Inference with Fixed-Proposal Reuse. https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.01271

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