Identities of Representation of Lie subalgebras of the first Weyl algebra

Abstract

Let $F$ be a field. We study weak polynomial identities for pairs $(A,V)$ where $A$ is the first Weyl algebra over $F$ and $V$ is either a Lie subalgebra (under the usual Lie bracket) of $A$, or simply a vector subspace of $A$. Sometimes the weak identities of $(A,V)$, when $V$ is a Lie algebra, are called identities of representations of Lie algebras. Our starting point is the description of finite dimensional Lie algebras $L$ that can be embedded into the first Weyl algebra; this description was given by Rausch de Traubenberg, Slupinski and Tanasă in 2006. First we assume that $F$ is algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, and describe a finite basis of the weak identities of the pair $(A,L)$ where $L=\mathfrak{sl}_2$. In order to obtain such a basis we invoke theorems by Razmyslov and by Trishin concerning the identities of infinite dimensional irreducible representations of $\mathfrak{sl}_2$. Afterwards we consider $L$ as a filiform Lie algebra together with its concrete realisation inside the first Weyl algebra. We produce a finite basis of weak identities of the pair $(A,L)$, assuming $F$ to be infinite. Finally we study the weakest form of identities for $(A,V)$ where $A$ is the $n$-th Weyl algebra and $V$ is just a vector space - its canonical generating vector subspace. We deduce a basis of the weak identities in this case as well, once again assuming $F$ to be an infinite field, with no restriction on its characteristic. The same result was recently obtained by Dotsenko and Lopatin in characteristic $0$ by different methods. Our methods are combinatorial, we also use the theory developed by Razmyslov, and the representations of the symmetric and the general linear groups and their duality. We employ the characteristic-free description of the invariants of the symplectic group given by De Concini and Procesi.