Resolving the Host Galaxy of the Nearby QSO I Zw 1 with Sub-Arcsecond Multi-Transition Molecular Line Observations

Abstract

We present the first sub-kpc 0.7" (~ 850 pc) resolution 12CO(1-0) molecular line observations of the ISM in the host galaxy of the QSO I Zw 1. The observations were obtained with the BIMA mm-interferometer in its compact A configuration. The BIMA data are complemented by new observations of the 12CO(2-1) and 13CO(1-0) line with IRAM Plateau de Bure mm-interferometer (PdBI) at 0.9" and 1.9" resolution, respectively. These measurements, which are part of a multi-wavelength study of the host galaxy of I Zw 1, are aimed at comparing the ISM properties of a QSO host with those of nearby galaxies as well as to obtain constraints on galaxy formation/evolution models. Our images of the 12CO(1-0) line emission show a ring-like structure in the circumnuclear molecular gas distribution with an inner radius of about 1.2 kpc. The presence of such a molecular gas ring was predicted from earlier lower angular resolution PdBI 12CO(1-0) observations. A comparison of the BIMA data with IRAM PdBI 12CO(2-1) observations shows variations in the excitation conditions of the molecular gas in the innermost 1.5" comprising the nuclear region of I Zw 1. The observed properties of the molecular cloud complexes in the disk of the host galaxy suggest that they can be the sites of massive circumnuclear star formation, and show no indications of excitation by the nuclear AGN. This all indicates that the molecular gas in a QSO host galaxy has similar properties to the gas observed in nearby low luminosity AGNs.