Constant-Depth Frege Systems with Counting Axioms Polynomially Simulate Nullstellensatz Refutations

Russell Impagliazzo; Nathan Segerlind

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Constant-Depth Frege Systems with Counting Axioms Polynomially Simulate Nullstellensatz Refutations

Russell Impagliazzo·Nathan Segerlind

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Abstract

We show that constant-depth Frege systems with counting axioms modulo $m$ polynomially simulate Nullstellensatz refutations modulo $m$. Central to this is a new definition of reducibility from formulas to systems of polynomials with the property that, for most previously studied translations of formulas to systems of polynomials, a formula reduces to its translation. When combined with a previous result of the authors, this establishes the first size separation between Nullstellensatz and polynomial calculus refutations. We also obtain new, small refutations for certain CNFs by constant-depth Frege systems with counting axioms.

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BibTeX RIS

Russell Impagliazzo, Nathan Segerlind. 2003-08-05. Constant-Depth Frege Systems with Counting Axioms Polynomially Simulate Nullstellensatz Refutations. https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0308012

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