Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · gr-qc/0405012

Cosmological constant and vacuum energy

G. E. Volovik
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The general thermodynamic analysis of the quantum vacuum, which is based on our knowledge of the vacua in condensed-matter systems, is consistent with the Einstein earlier view on the cosmological constant. In the equilibrium Universes the value of the cosmological constant is regulated by matter. In the empty Universe, the vacuum energy is exactly zero, lambda=0. The huge contribution of the zero point motion of the quantum fields to the vacuum energy is exactly cancelled by the higher-energy degrees of freedom of the quantum vacuum. In the equilibrium Universes homogeneously filled by matter, the vacuum is disturbed, and density of the vacuum energy becomes proportional to the energy density of matter. This consideration applies to any equilibrium vacuum irrespective of whether the vacuum is false or true, and is valid both in the Einstein general theory of relativity and within the special theory of relativity, i.e. in the world without gravity.

Explore related subjects

gr-qccond-mat.stat-mechhep-phquant-ph

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

G. E. Volovik. 2004-10-21. Cosmological constant and vacuum energy. https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.200410123

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

An upper bound on the minimum orbital period of black holes

Previous research has focused on establishing lower bounds on the minimum orbital period of black holes. In this work, we explore the complementary question of whether an upper bound exists for the minimum orbital period of black holes. We investigate the minimum orbital periods of three types of black holes: Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström and Kerr-Newman black holes. We find that the minimum orbital period of these black holes is bounded by an upper limit $T_{min} \leqslant 6\sqrt{3}πM$, where $M$ is the black hole mass. Our results suggest that this upper bound on the minimum orbital period may be a general property in black hole spacetimes.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2026

Bounds on the minimum orbital period in the background of 5-dimensional charged black holes

In this paper, we study the upper and lower bounds on the minimum orbital period of 5-dimensional charged black holes. Our results indicate that the upper bound of the minimum orbital period corresponds to non-charged black holes, while the lower bound is achieved in the case of maximally charged black holes. We further establish precise analytical expressions for the upper and lower bounds of the minimum orbital period. Our findings provide valuable insights into 5-dimensional charged black holes and help constrain theoretical gravity models.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2026

Analysis of minimum orbital periods around d-dimensional charged black holes

This paper investigates the bounds on the minimum orbital period for test objects around d-dimensional charged black holes in asymptotically flat spacetimes. We derive the exact critical radius and the minimum orbital period. We then prove analytically that the minimum orbital period decreases strictly as the charge of the black hole increases. Thus, the upper limit is reached for an uncharged black hole, while the lower limit is attained for a maximally charged one, and the two bounds take the closed form $\frac{2π(d-2)}{d-3}[(d-2)M]^{\frac{1}{d-3}}\leqslant T_{min} \leqslant 2π\sqrt{\frac{d-1}{d-3}}\,[(d-1)M]^{\frac{1}{d-3}}$. Since the minimum period equals $2π$ times the shadow radius, the upper bound is equivalently a universal upper bound on the shadow radius. These results improve our understanding of dynamics around d-dimensional black holes and impose constraints on candidate gravity theories.

gr-qc↗