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Universal Scaling and Echoing in Gravitational Collapse of a Complex Scalar Field

Eric W. Hirschmann·Douglas M. Eardley
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Abstract

This paper studies gravitational collapse of a complex scalar field at the threshold for black hole formation, assuming that the collapse is spherically symmetric and continuously self-similar. A new solution of the coupled Einstein-scalar field equations is derived, after a small amount of numerical work with ordinary differential equations. The universal scaling and echoing behavior discovered by Choptuik in spherically symmetrical gravitational collapse appear in a somewhat different form. Properties of the endstate of the collapse are derived: The collapse leaves behind an irregular outgoing pulse of scalar radiation, with exactly flat spacetime within it.

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Eric W. Hirschmann, Douglas M. Eardley. 1994-12-21. Universal Scaling and Echoing in Gravitational Collapse of a Complex Scalar Field. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.51.4198

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