Parton saturation and N_part scaling of semi--hard processes in QCD

Abstract

We argue that the suppression of high p_t hadrons discovered recently in heavy ion collisions at RHIC may be a consequence of saturation in the Color Glass Condensate. We qualitatively and semi-quantitatively describe the data, in particular, the dependence upon the number of nucleon participants. We show that if parton saturation sets in at sufficiently small energy, then in nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC and LHC energies the cross sections of semi-hard processes should scale approximately with the number of participants, N_{part}. Our results provide a possible explanation of both the absence of apparent jet quenching at SPS energies and its presence at RHIC. Under the same assumption we predict that in semi--central and central pA (dA) collisions at collider energies the dependence of semi--hard processes on the number of participating nucleons of the nucleus will change to \sim (N_{part}^A)^{1/2}. The forthcoming data on dA collisions will provide a crucial test of this description.