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The two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-nucleon scattering at large momentum transfer

Andrei V. Afanasev·Stanley J. Brodsky·Carl E. Carlson·Yu-Chun Chen·Marc Vanderhaeghen
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Abstract

We estimate the two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering at large momentum transfer by using a quark-parton representation of virtual Compton scattering. We thus can relate the two-photon exchange amplitude to the generalized parton distributions which also enter in other wide angle scattering processes. We find that the interference of one- and two-photon exchange contribution is able to substantially resolve the difference between electric form factor measurements from Rosenbluth and polarization transfer experiments. Two-photon exchange has additional consequences which could be experimentally observed, including nonzero polarization effects and a positron-proton/electron-proton scattering asymmetry. The predicted Rosenbluth plot is no longer precisely linear; it acquires a measurable curvature, particularly at large laboratory angle.

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Andrei V. Afanasev, Stanley J. Brodsky, Carl E. Carlson, Yu-Chun Chen, Marc Vanderhaeghen. 2005-02-01. The two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-nucleon scattering at large momentum transfer. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.72.013008

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