Search arXiv⌕ Search

arXiv · hep-th/9706126

Flavor independence and the dual superconducting model of QCD

Abstract

Baker, Ball and Zachariasen have developed an elegant formulation of the dual superconducting model of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), which allows one to use the field equations to eliminate the gluon and Higgs degrees of freedom and thus to express the interaction between quarks as an effective potential. Carrying out an expansion in inverse powers of the constituent quark masses, these authors succeeded in identifying the central part, the spin-dependent part and the leading relativistic corrections to the central potential. The potential offers a good account of the energies and splittings of charmonium and the upsilon system. Since all of the flavor dependence of the interaction is presumed to enter through the constituent masses, it is possible to test the potential in other systems. Logical candidates are the heavy B-flavor charmed system and the heavy-light systems, which should be more sensitive to the relativistic corrections. Lattice gauge calculations furnish an additional point of contact for the components of the BBZ potential. Some preliminary calculations of the energies of B and D mesons are presented and the challenge of agreement with experiment is discussed. The spinless Salpeter equation is used to account for the effects of relativistic kinematics.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Lewis P. Fulcher. 1997-08-14. Flavor independence and the dual superconducting model of QCD. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.57.350

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Scalar, vector and tensor fields on $dS_3$ with arbitrary sources: harmonic analysis and antipodal maps

The scalar, vector and tensor spherical harmonics on three-dimensional de Sitter spacetime are defined and analyzed. Each harmonic defines two sets of asymptotic data on the two-sphere in the asymptotic expansion close to both the past and the future of de Sitter spacetime. For each case, we make explicit the antipodal relationship of both sets of asymptotic data between past and future infinity, which can be non-local. A procedure is defined to extract these asymptotic data in the presence of sources. This provides for each class of propagating field on de Sitter the relationship between two independent sets of data defined on the sphere in the asymptotic future with the corresponding data defined in the asymptotic past. We also provide several theorems on the decomposition of vectors and tensors on de Sitter such as one proving that a large class of tensors obeying an inhomogeneous wave equation can be expressed locally in terms of a symmetric transverse traceless tensor. These results are instrumental in the description of interacting four-dimensional asymptotically flat fields at spatial infinity.

hep-th↗

Physical Predictions in Closed Quantum Gravity

Recent developments in gravitational path integrals indicate that the nonperturbative physical Hilbert space of a closed universe is one-dimensional within each superselection sector. This raises a basic puzzle: how can a unique quantum-gravity state give rise to semiclassical physics, measurement outcomes, and classical probabilities? In this paper, we develop a framework in which nontrivial and statistically stable predictions emerge despite the one-dimensionality of the fully constrained Hilbert space. The key idea is to extract physical predictions in an enlarged, unconstrained Hilbert space by conditioning on observational data. We show that partial observability -- reflecting the limited access of observers to the degrees of freedom of the universe -- suppresses ensemble fluctuations associated with microscopic structure in the gravitational path integral, thereby restoring semiclassical predictability with exponential accuracy. We formulate the construction explicitly including contributions from the Hartle--Hawking no-boundary state, define a gauge-invariant Hilbert space for observations via a density operator, and generalize the formalism to conditioning on histories, clarifying the emergence of classical probabilities and an effective arrow of time. Finally, we explore whether this framework can support a realistic cosmology and identify assumptions that the underlying theory of quantum gravity must satisfy.

hep-th↗

de Sitter extremal surfaces, time contours, complexifications and pseudo-entropies

We study no-boundary de Sitter extremal surfaces and their pseudo-entropy areas for generic subregions at the future boundary, building on previous work. For large subregions, timelike+Euclidean extremal surfaces exist with transparent geometric interpretations, as do complex ones. The situation for small subregions is analogous to Poincare $dS$ and only complex extremal surfaces exist. In general, the extremal surface area integrals are defined via time contours in the complex time plane. We find multiple extremal surfaces with indistinguishable areas whose time contours can be deformed into each other in the complex time plane without obstruction, which are equivalent for these purposes. This also suggests equivalences between complex $dS$ replica geometries. We discuss $dS_3$ as a simple example at length. This suggests a picture for multiple subregions and entropy inequalities in de Sitter, as encoding $AdS$ ones via analytic continuation. We also discuss mapping future boundary subregions and those on constant time slices in the static patch via lightrays.

hep-th↗