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Completely tubing compressible tangles and standard graphs in genus one 3-manifolds

Ying-Qing Wu
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Abstract

We prove a conjecture of Menasco and Zhang that if a tangle is completely tubing compressible then it consists of at most two families of parallel strands. This is related to problems of graphs in 3-manifold. A 1-vertex graph $Γ$ in a 3-manifold $M$ with a genus 1 Heegaard splitting is standard if it consists of one or two parallel sets of core curves lying in the Heegaard splitting solid tori of $M$ in the standard way. The above conjecture then follows from the theorem which says that a 1-vertex graph in $M$ is standard if and only if the exteriors of all its nontrivial subgraphs are handlebodies.

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Ying-Qing Wu. 2000-11-01. Completely tubing compressible tangles and standard graphs in genus one 3-manifolds. https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0011007

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