A Random Matrix Approach to the Lack of Projections in C*_red(F_2)

Uffe Haagerup; Hanne Schultz; Steen Thorbjornsen

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A Random Matrix Approach to the Lack of Projections in C*_red(F_2)

Uffe Haagerup·Hanne Schultz·Steen Thorbjornsen

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Abstract

In 1982 Pimsner and Voiculescu computed the K_0- and K_1-groups of the reduced group C*-algebra C*_red(F_k) of the free group F_k on k generators and settled thereby a long standing conjecture: C*_red(F_k) has no projections except for the trivial projections 0 and 1. Later simpler proofs of this conjecture were found by methods from K-theory or from non-commutative differential geometry. In this paper we provide a new proof of the fact that C*_red(F_k) is projectionless. The new proof is based on random matrices and is obtained by a refinement of the methods recently used by the first and the third named author to show that the semigroup Ext(C*_red(F_k)) is not a group for k >= 2. By the same type of methods we also obtain that two phenomena proved by Bai and Silverstein for certain classes of random matrices: ``no eigenvalues outside (a small neighbourhood of) the support of the limiting distribution'' and ``exact separation of eigenvalues by gaps in the limiting distribution'' also hold for arbitrary non-commutative selfadjoint polynomials of independent GUE, GOE or GSE random matrices with matrix coefficients.

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Uffe Haagerup, Hanne Schultz, Steen Thorbjornsen. 2004-12-30. A Random Matrix Approach to the Lack of Projections in C*_red(F_2). https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0412545

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