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On the distribution of the length of the second row of a Young diagram under Plancherel measure

Jinho Baik·Percy Deift·Kurt Johansson
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Abstract

We investigate the probability distribution of the length of the second row of a Young diagram of size $N$ equipped with Plancherel measure. We obtain an expression for the generating function of the distribution in terms of a derivative of an associated Fredholm determinant, which can then be used to show that as $N\to\infty$ the distribution converges to the Tracy-Widom distribution [TW] for the second largest eigenvalue of a random GUE matrix. This paper is a sequel to [BDJ], where we showed that as $N\to\infty$ the distribution of the length of the first row of a Young diagram, or equivalently, the length of the longest increasing subsequence of a random permutation, converges to the Tracy-Widom distribution [TW] for the largest eigenvalue of a random GUE matrix.

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Jinho Baik, Percy Deift, Kurt Johansson. 1999-01-26. On the distribution of the length of the second row of a Young diagram under Plancherel measure. https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9901118

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