Form factor for a family of quantum graphs: An expansion to third order

Abstract

For certain types of quantum graphs we show that the random-matrix form factor can be recovered to at least third order in the scaled time $τ$ from periodic-orbit theory. We consider the contributions from pairs of periodic orbits represented by diagrams with up to two self-intersections connected by up to four arcs and explain why all other diagrams are expected to give higher-order corrections only. For a large family of graphs with ergodic classical dynamics the diagrams that exist in the absence of time-reversal symmetry sum to zero. The mechanism for this cancellation is rather general which suggests that it may also apply at higher-orders in the expansion. This expectation is in full agreement with the fact that in this case the linear-$τ$ contribution, the diagonal approximation, already reproduces the random-matrix form factor for $τ<1$. For systems with time-reversal symmetry there are more diagrams which contribute at third order. We sum these contributions for quantum graphs with uniformly hyperbolic dynamics, obtaining $+2τ^{3}$, in agreement with random-matrix theory. As in the previous calculation of the leading-order correction to the diagonal approximation we find that the third order contribution can be attributed to exceptional orbits representing the intersection of diagram classes.