Spaceflight-associated Motion Sickness in Commercial Crew Astronauts
Spaceflight-associated motion sickness, including space motion sickness (SMS) and terrestrial readaptation motion sickness (TRMS), has presented as the most operationally limiting effect on the human in the days following a gravity transition. Published data suggest that astronaut head movements provoke symptoms, but those studies rarely controlled for them. Most previous studies use postflight retrospective reporting and have not quantified temporal dynamics or persistence of symptoms; no study has published motion sickness in a cohort of commercial flyers. Here, we comprehensively evaluate SMS and TRMS within commercial flyers (N=8; 4F, 4M) for the first time, across two commercial missions of short duration (Polaris Dawn and Fram2). Utilizing a standard reporting methodology, we find an 87.5% incidence of SMS, which persisted for at least three days on orbit in 25% of crewmembers. The symptoms included vomiting in 62.5% of crewmembers. Regarding TRMS, incidence was 50%, severity was significantly lower than SMS (p = 0.007), and it tended to persist for a shorter duration than SMS for these short-duration flights. These findings establish a systematic baseline for spaceflight-associated motion sickness, informing its operational impact and salience as human spaceflight missions expand in accessibility and scope.