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Angelo Greco

Publications and source records attributed to Angelo Greco.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

Highly-linear flux-to-voltage transducer based on superconducting quantum interference proximity transistors

Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) are state-of-the-art in ultra-sensitive magnetometry; however, conventional SQUID devices are fundamentally limited by the inherently nonlinear and periodic nature of their transfer function. Although flux-locked loop (FLL) configurations can mitigate this issue, they introduce electronic complexity and bandwidth constraints that hinder scalability in quantum circuits. In this work, we present an experimental demonstration of the bi-SQUIPT, a flux transducer that modulates the density of states in a proximitized superconducting weak link. The device employs a dual-loop architecture with differential readout, which enables cancellation of non-linearities typical of individual elements, achieving a voltage swing of approximately 120 $\mu$V. Measurements yield a spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of up to 60 dB, consistent with theoretical predictions and comparable to that of SQUID arrays, while maintaining power dissipation in the femtowatt range. The results further highlight a remarkable operational stability up to 600 mK, positioning the bi-SQUIPT as an enabling technology for high-density cryogenic quantum electronics.

cond-mat.supr-con

Multiplexed microwave resonators by frequency comb spectroscopy

Coplanar waveguide resonators are central to the thriving field of circuit quantum electrodynamics. Recently, we have demonstrated the generation of a broadband microwave-frequency comb spectrum using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) driven by a time-dependent magnetic field. Here, the frequency comb is used to spectroscopically probe a bank of coplanar microwave resonators, inductively coupled to a common transmission line, a standard circuit with a variety of applications. We compare the resonator line shape obtained from signals synthesized at room temperature using conventional electronics with the radiation produced in the cryogenic environment by our source, showing substantial equivalence in the estimation of the resonator quality factors. To measure non-uniformly spaced resonant frequencies, we drive the generator with a bi-chromatic tone to generate intermodulation products. Such a dense frequency comb spectrum enables simultaneous addressing of a few resonators via frequency multiplexing. Finally, we discuss the criteria for achieving effective spectroscopic coverage of a given frequency bandwidth.

quant-ph

Coherent microwave comb generation via the Josephson effect

Frequency combs represent exceptionally precise measurement tools due to the coherence of their spectral lines. While optical frequency comb sources constitute a well-established technology, superconducting circuits provide a relatively unexplored on-chip platform for low-dissipation comb emitters able to span from gigahertz to terahertz frequencies. We demonstrate coherent microwave frequency comb generation by leveraging the ac Josephson effect in a superconducting quantum interference device. A time-dependent magnetic drive periodically generates voltage pulses, which in the frequency domain correspond to a comb with dozens of spectral modes. The micrometer-scale footprint and minimal dissipation inherent to superconducting systems foster the integration of our comb generator with advanced cryogenic electronics. Transferring optical techniques to the solid-state domain may enable new applications in quantum technologies.

cond-mat.supr-con

Deep Learning for Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction under Cloud Occlusion

Sea Surface Temperature (SST) reconstructions from satellite images affected by cloud gaps have been extensively documented in the past three decades. Here we describe several Machine Learning models to fill the cloud-occluded areas starting from MODIS Aqua nighttime L3 images. To tackle this challenge, we employed a type of Convolutional Neural Network model (U-net) to reconstruct cloud-covered portions of satellite imagery while preserving the integrity of observed values in cloud-free areas. We demonstrate the outstanding precision of U-net with respect to available products done using OI interpolation algorithms. Our best-performing architecture show 50% lower root mean square errors over established gap-filling methods.

cs.CV

Diode effect in the Fraunhofer pattern of disordered planar Josephson junctions

The Josephson diode effect describes the property of a Josephson junction to have different values of the critical current for different direction of applied bias current and it is the focus of intense research thanks to the possible applications. The ubiquity of the effect experimentally reported calls for a study of the impact that disorder can have in the appearance of the effect. We study the Fraunhofer pattern of planar Josephson junctions in presence of different kinds of disorder and imperfections and we find that a junction that is {\it mirror} symmetric at zero-field forbids the diode effect and that the diode effect is typically magnified at the nodal points of the Fraunhofer pattern. The work presents a comprehensive treatment of the role of pure spatial inhomogeneity in the emergence of a diode effect in planar junctions, with an extension to the multi-terminal case and to systems of Josephson junctions connected in parallel.

cond-mat.supr-con

Estimation of the FR4 Microwave Dielectric Properties at Cryogenic Temperature for Quantum-Chip-Interface PCBs Design

Ad-hoc interface PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards) are today the standard connection between cryogenic cabling and quantum chips. Besides low-loss and low-temperature-dependent-dielectric-permittivity materials, Flame Resistance n.4 (FR4) provides a low-cost solution for fabrication of cryogenic PCBs. Here, we report on an effective way to evaluate the dielectric performance of a FR4 laminate used as substrate for cryogenic microwave PCBs. We designed a coplanar waveguide {\lambda}/2 open-circuit series resonator, and we fabricated the PCB using a low-cost manufacturing process, obtaining in-plane geometric features with maximum variations of 50-100 um compared to the PCB design. Such a geometry allows to exploit the resonance peak of the resonator to measure the variation of the complex permittivity as a function of the temperature. The resonance peak frequency was used to estimate the real permittivity, achieving a sensitivity of -470 MHz and a resolution of 1.2x10^-2. Similarly, the resonance peak magnitude was involved in the extrapolation of the loss tangent, reaching a sensitivity of ~-337 dB and a resolution of 1.6x^10-4. For the FR4 laminate used, we estimated a 9 % reduction of the real permittivity and a 70 % reduction of the loss tangent in the temperature range from 300 to 4 K. The proposed approach can be immediately extended to the detection of cryogenic temperature-dependent dielectric performance of any kind of substrate.

physics.ins-det

Josephson diode effect in monolithic dc-SQUIDs based on 3D Dayem nanobridges

It was recently experimentally proved that the superconducting counterpart of a diode, i.e., a device that realizes nonreciprocal Cooper pairs transport, can be realized by breaking the spatial and time-reversal symmetry of a system simultaneously. Here we report the theory, fabrication, and operation of a monolithic dc superconducting quantum interference device (dc-SQUID) that embedding three-dimensional (3D) Dayem nanobridges as weak links realizes an efficient and magnetic flux-tunable supercurrent diode. The device is entirely realized in Al and achieves a maximum rectification efficiency of $\sim 20\%$, which stems from the high harmonic content of its current-to-phase relation only without the need of any sizable screening current caused by a finite loop inductance. Our interferometer can be easily integrated with state-of-the-art superconducting electronics, and since it does not require a finite loop inductance to provide large rectification its downsizing is not limited by the geometrical constraints of the superconducting ring.

cond-mat.supr-con

Microwave Quantum Radar using a Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier

Detection of low-reflectivity objects can be improved by the so-called quantum illumination procedure. However, quantum detection probability exponentially decays with the source bandwidth. The Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPAs) technology utilized as a source, generating a pair of entangled signals called two-mode squeezed vacuum states, shows a very narrow bandwidth limiting the operation of the microwave quantum radar (MQR). In this paper, for the first time, a microwave quantum radar setup based on quantum illumination protocol and using a Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier (JTWPA) is proposed. Measurement results of the developed JTWPA, pumped at 12 GHz, show an ultrawide bandwidth equal to 10 GHz at X-band making our MQR a promising candidate for the detection of stealth objects.

quant-ph

Flux pumping of Cooper pairs through a Josephson Energy-Suppression Pump

In this paper, we propose a novel kind of Josephson-Energy Suppression Pump (JESP) controlled by a fully magnetic flux drive. The device presented here is composed of two superconducting loops interrupted at one side by superconducting nanowires which are joined together by a superconducting island. The phase difference developed at the edges of the nanowires by means of the magnetic flux threading the loops can collapse their Cooper condensates, leading to complete suppression of the Josephson energies. This mechanism allows to greatly reduce the leakage current when performing Cooper pair pumping by a pure magnetic pumping cycle without involving any gate modulation. The pumping capability of the JESP is studied through a master equation approach in the non-adiabatic case.

cond-mat.supr-con

Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers as Non-Classical Light Source for Microwave Quantum Illumination

Detection of low-reflectivity objects can be enriched via the so-called quantum illumination procedure. In order that this quantum procedure outperforms classical detection protocols, entangled states of microwave radiation are initially required. In this paper, we discuss the role of Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (JTWPAs), based on circuit-QED components, as suitable sources of a two-mode squeezed vacuum state, a special signal-idler entangled state. The obtained wide bandwidth makes the JTWPA an ideal candidate for generating quantum radiation in quantum metrology and information processing applications.

quant-ph

A quantum model for rf-SQUIDs based metamaterials enabling 3WM and 4WM Travelling Wave Parametric Amplification

A quantum model for Josephson-based metamaterials working in the Three-Wave Mixing (3WM) and Four-Wave Mixing (4WM) regimes at the single-photon level is presented. The transmission line taken into account, namely Traveling Wave Josephson Parametric Amplifier (TWJPA), is a bipole composed by a chain of rf-SQUIDs which can be biased by a DC current or a magnetic field in order to activate the 3WM or 4WM nonlinearities. The model exploits a Hamiltonian approach to analytically determine the time evolution of the system both in the Heisenberg and interaction pictures. The former returns the analytic form of the gain of the amplifier, while the latter allows recovering the probability distributions vs. time of the photonic populations, for multimodal Fock and coherent input states. The dependence of the metamaterial's nonlinearities is presented in terms of circuit parameters in a lumped model framework while evaluating the effects of the experimental conditions on the model validity.

cond-mat.supr-con

Superconducting Josephson-based metamaterials for quantum-limited parametric amplification: a review

In the last few years, several groups have proposed and developed their own platforms demonstrating quantum-limited linear parametric amplification, with evident applications in quantum information and computation, electrical and optical metrology, radio astronomy and basic physics concerning axion detection. Here we propose a short review on the physics behind parametric amplification via metamaterials composed by coplanar wave-guides embedding several Josephson junctions. We present and compare different schemes that exploit the nonlinearity of the Josephson current-phase relation to mix the so-called signal, idler and pump tones. The chapter then presents and compares three different theoretical models, developed in the last few years, to predict the dynamics of these nonlinear systems in the particular case of a 4-Wave Mixing process and under the degenerate undepleted pump assumption. We will demonstrate that, under the same assumption, all the results are comparable in terms of amplification of the output fields.

cond-mat.supr-con