Unlimited-Range Absolute Distance Interferometry Outdoors via Tunable Synthetic and Pseudo-Supersynthetic Wavelengths: The TeleYAG-II Interferometer
Absolute distance interferometry requires an unlimited non-ambiguity range to be truly absolute. Tunable synthetic wavelength interferometry allows for the construction of pseudo-supersynthetic wavelengths using a limited number of optical sources and a standard interferometer setup. This approach facilitates the creation of a series of consecutively deployable synthetic wavelengths, ultimately combining macroscopic unambiguity with microscopic interferometric accuracy. We have implemented and demonstrated this concept in the TeleYAG-II interferometer, designed as an SI-traceable standard for the calibration of geodetic baselines. The system employs two Nd:YAG lasers as optical sources, with their frequency difference controlled by a versatile optical phase-locked loop. Specifically engineered for robustness in field conditions, the heterodyne interferometer was validated through an outdoor measurement campaign. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the method, achieving an expanded measurement uncertainty of 0.13 mm over a distance of 224 m without the need for auxiliary length measurements.