Bodong Du | Search arXiv

arXiv2026

SCIRIGOR:Evaluating Open-Ended Scientific Analysis Beyond Final Scores

Scientific coding agents produce interdependent code, results, figures, and claims, yet evaluating final outputs alone does not establish whether their conclusions are scientifically supported. We formulate evidence-grounded multimodal scientific analysis, requiring agents to produce executable analyses and claims supported by results and visualizations from the same run. We introduce SciRIGOR, an evaluation framework and benchmark comprising 100 cases from scientific articles across six domains and 17 subfields. The framework reconstructs typed evidence graphs, separates artifact fidelity from relational validity, and scores complete claim-support paths while localizing the earliest unsupported relation. Source-grounded alternative paths accommodate scientifically equivalent analyses and visualizations. We evaluate 11 agent/model configurations. On full-benchmark runs, claims agree with faithful and unfaithful results at nearly identical rates (91.8% versus 91.0%). Yet no system exceeds 62.6% on the soft evidence-chain score or 18.0% strict whole-chain success. These findings show that internal coherence does not establish scientific correctness: evaluation must verify support along the complete data-to-claim path.

cs.AI↗

arXiv2026

Benchmarking Vision-Language Models for Automated Pathology Diagnosis and Report Generation

The rapid advancement of vision-language models (VLMs) has accelerated progress in computational pathology; however, whole-slide image (WSI)-based pathology report generation remains limited by the scarcity of large-scale WSI--report datasets and the complexity of mapping spatially distributed visual patterns to structured clinical text. To address this, we introduce a clinically curated Pan-Asia WSI--report dataset of approximately 10,500 pairs from five institutions and establish the REG 2025 benchmark through a MICCAI challenge for systematic evaluation of multimodal models. We analyze submitted methods spanning pretrained VLMs, multiple-instance learning frameworks, hierarchical expert models, retrieval-augmented generation, and cross-modal Transformers. Rather than indicating that VLM use alone was sufficient for superior performance, the results suggest that top-performing methods benefited from structured report representations, hierarchical diagnostic decomposition, and effective multimodal grounding. We identify key limitations, including instability in quantitative attribute estimation (e.g., numeric hallucination) and a tendency toward diagnostic overspecification, with some errors resembling known diagnostic pitfalls in routine pathology. These findings establish REG 2025 as a benchmark for evaluating WSI-based structured report generation and vision-language understanding in computational pathology, providing insights for the design of clinically grounded multimodal pathology models.

cs.CV↗