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Chia-Fu Yu

Publications and source records attributed to Chia-Fu Yu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Superspecial Points on Shimura Curves

Let $X$ be the Shimura curve attached to an indefinite quaternion $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra $B$ with a maximal order $O_B$. This paper investigates the reduction $X\otimes \mathbb{F}_p$ of $X$ modulo an arbitrary prime $p$, focusing particularly on its superspecial locus. We give an explicit criterion for the existence of superspecial $\mathbb{F}_q$-rational points on $X$. Furthermore, we compute both the number of geometric superspecial points and the number of $\mathbb{F}_p$-rational superspecial points, through the Eichler class number formula and the Selberg trace formula. As a key ingredient, we classify the Dieudonn\'e modules attached to superspecial $O_B$-abelian surfaces, which generalizes Ribet's classification of admissible quaternion bimodules of rank $2$ by dropping the admissible hypothesis. These results generalize Deuring's explicit formula for supersingular elliptic curves over $\mathbb{F}_p$ and give the Shimura-curve analogue of the Ibukiyama-Katsura formulas for principally polarized superspecial abelian surfaces over $\mathbb{F}_p$.

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arXiv2026

Oort's conjecture on supersingular abelian varieties in odd characteristic

Oort's conjecture asserts that for any $g \geq 2$ and any prime $p$, every geometric generic member in the supersingular locus $\mathcal{S}_g$ has automorphism group $\{ \pm 1 \}$. This has been proved very recently by Viehmann in full generality, with previously known counterexamples for $p=2$ and $g=2,3$. We construct, for any $g \geq 3$, a closed subvariety of dimension $g-1$ which contains an open dense subset $\mathcal{U}$ of $a$-invariant $g-2$ such that $\mathcal{U}$ meets every irreducible component of $\mathcal{S}_g$ and every geometric point in $\mathcal{U}$ has automorphism group $\{ \pm 1 \}$ if $p >2$. This gives an independent proof of Oort's conjecture for $p>2$. When $g>3$, so $a = g-2 > 1$, this provides complementary information to the $a=1$ locus investigated in Viehmann's work on how the automorphism groups interact with the geometry.

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arXiv2026

Twisted Gelfand-Ponomarev modules

In this expository paper, given a field $K$ and two automorphisms $\sigma, \tau \in \mathrm{Aut}(K)$, we give a self-contained proof of the classification of finite dimensional $K$-vector spaces equipped with two operators $F$ and $V$, respectively $\sigma$-linear and $\tau$-linear, such that $FV = VF = 0$. This classification was originally due to the combined results of Gelfand and Ponomarev (1968), and of Kraft (1975). Following a recent suggestion of Chai (2025), we reworked their classification in light of the notion of Kraft quivers. As an application, we generalize and give an algebraic proof of a theorem by Kottwitz and Rapoport concerning the existence of $F$-crystals.

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arXiv2026

Polarized superspecial abelian varieties over $\mathbb{F}_p$ via hermitian lattices

We study the set of isomorphism classes of polarized superspecial abelian varieties $(A,\lambda)$ of a fixed dimension over $\mathbb{F}_p$ with Frobenius endomorphism $\pi_A=\sqrt{-p}$ and $\ker \lambda =\ker \pi_A$. This set plays an important role in the geometry of the supersingular locus, and the generalizations of Deuring's $2T-H$ Theorem by Ibukiyama and Katsura. We determine when this set is nonempty and classify its genera. Our method reduces the problems of superspecial abelian varieties to those of certain hermitian lattices by the lattice description established by Jordan et. al and Ibukiyama--Karemaker--Yu, and we treat these problems on the lattices concerned by arithmetic methods.

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arXiv2024

Supersingular Ekedahl-Oort strata and Oort's conjecture

Let $\mathcal{A}_g$ be the moduli space over $\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p$ of $g$-dimensional principally polarised abelian varieties, where $p$ is a prime. We show that if $g$ is even and $p\geq 5$, then every geometric generic member in the maximal supersingular Ekedahl-Oort stratum in $\mathcal{A}_g$ has automorphism group $\{ \pm 1\}$. This confirms Oort's conjecture in the case of $p\geq 5$ and even $g$. We also separately prove Oort's conjecture for $g=4$ and any prime $p$.

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arXiv2024

Uniqueness of indecomposable idempotents in algebras with involution

We prove uniqueness of a decomposition of $1$ into indecomposable Hermitian idempotents in an order of a finite-dimensional $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra with positive involution, by generalising a result of Eichler on unique decomposition of lattices. We use this result to prove that polarised abelian varieties over any field admit a unique decomposition into indecomposable polarised abelian subvarieties, a result previously shown by Debarre and Serre with different methods and over algebraically closed fields. We prove that an analogous uniqueness result holds true for arbitrary polarised integral Hodge structures, and derive a consequence for their automorphism groups.

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arXiv2023

On the supersingular locus of Shimura varieties for quaternionic unitary groups

We study a Shimura variety attached to a unitary similitude group of a skew-Hermitian form over a totally indefinite quaternion algebra over a totally real number field. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of skew-Hermitian self-dual lattices. Under this condition we show that the superspecial locus in the fiber at $p$ of the associated Shimura variety is non-empty. We also give an explicit formula for the number of irreducible components of the supersingular locus when $p$ is odd and unramified in the quaternion algebra.

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arXiv2023

Cohomological properties of multinorm-one tori

In this paper we investigate the Tate--Shafarevich group Sha^1(k, T) of a multinorm-one torus $T$ over a global field $k$. We establish a few functorial maps among cohomology groups and explore their relations. Using these properties and relations we obtain a few basic structural results for Sha^1(k, T) and extend a few results of Bayer-Fluckiger--Lee--Parimala [Adv. in Math., 2019] to some more general multinorm-one tori. We also give a uniform proof of a result of Demarche--Wei for a criterion of the vanishing of Sha^1(k, T), and of the main result of Pollio [Pure App. Math. Q., 2014] for the case where the \'etale $k$-algebra in question is a product of two abelian extensions. Moreover, we improve the explicit description of Sha^1(k, T) in Lee [J. Pure Appl. Alg., 2022] by removing an intersection condition.

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arXiv2023

Class numbers of multinorm-one tori

We present a formula for the class number of a multinorm one torus $T_{L/k}$ associated to any \'etale algebra $L$ over a global field $k$. This is deduced from a formula for analogues of invariants introduced by T.~Ono, which are interpreted as a generalization of Gauss genus theory. This paper includes the variants of Ono's invariant for arbitrary $S$-ideal class numbers and the narrow version, generalizing results of Katayama, Morishita, Sasaki and Ono.

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arXiv2022

Computing Tate-Shafarevich groups of multinorm one tori of Kummer type

A multinorm one torus associated to a commutative \'etale algebra $L$ over a global field $k$ is of Kummer type if each factor of $L$ is a cyclic Kummer extension. In this paper we compute the Tate-Shafarevich group of such tori based on recent works of Bayer-Fluckiger, T.-Y. Lee and Parimala, and of T.-Y.~Lee. We also implement an effective algorithm using SAGE which computes the Tate-Shafarevich groups when each factor of $L$ is contained in a fixed concrete bicyclic extension of $k$.

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arXiv2022

Mass formulas and the basic locus of unitary Shimura varieties

In this article we compute the mass associated to any unimodular lattice in a Hermitian space over an arbitrary CM field under a condition at 2. We study the geometry and arithmetic of the basic locus of the GU(r,s)-Shimura variety associated to an imaginary quadratic field modulo a good prime p>2. We give explicit formulas for the numbers of irreducible and connected components of the basic locus, and of points of the zero-dimensional Ekedahl-Oort (EO) stratum, as well as of the irreducible components of basic EO strata when the signature is either (1, n-1) or (2,2).

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arXiv2022

Optimal spinor selectivity for quaternion orders

Let $D$ be a quaternion algebra over a number field $F$, and $\mathscr{G}$ be an arbitrary genus of $O_F$-orders of full rank in $D$. Let $K$ be a quadratic field extension of $F$ that embeds into $D$, and $B$ be an $O_F$-order in $K$ that can be optimally embedded into some member of $\mathscr{G}$. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for $B$ to be optimally spinor selective for the genus $\mathscr{G}$, which generalizes previous existing optimal selectivity criterions for Eichler orders as given by Arenas, Arenas-Carmona and Contreras, and by Voight independently. This allows us to obtain a refinement of the classical trace formula for optimal embeddings, which will be called the spinor trace formula. When $\mathscr{G}$ is a genus of Eichler orders, we extend Maclachlan's relative conductor formula for optimal selectivity from Eichler orders of square-free levels to all Eichler orders.

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arXiv2022

When is a polarised abelian variety determined by its $\boldsymbol{p}$-divisible group?

We study the Siegel modular variety $\mathcal{A}_g \otimes \overline{\mathbb{F}}_p$ of genus $g$ and its supersingular locus $\mathcal{S}_g$. As our main result we determine precisely when $\mathcal{S}_g$ is irreducible, and we list all $x$ in $\mathcal{A}_g \otimes \overline{\mathbb{F}}_p$ for which the corresponding central leaf $\mathcal{C}(x)$ consists of one point, that is, for which $x$ corresponds to a polarised abelian variety which is uniquely determined by its associated polarised $p$-divisible group. The first problem translates to a class number one problem for quaternion Hermitian lattices. The second problem also translates to a class number one problem, whose solution involves mass formulae, automorphism groups, and a careful analysis of Ekedahl-Oort strata in genus $g=4$.

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arXiv2021

On Tamagawa numbers of CM tori

In this article we investigate the problem of computing Tamagawa numbers of CM tori. This problem arises naturally from the problem of counting polarized abelian varieties with commutative endomorphism algebras over finite fields, and polarized CM abelian varieties and components of unitary Shimura varieties in the works of Achter--Altug--Garcia--Gordon and of Guo--Sheu--Yu, respectively. We make a systematic study on Galois cohomology groups in a more general setting and compute the Tamagawa numbers of CM tori associated to various Galois CM fields. Furthermore, we show that every (positive or negative) power of $2$ is the Tamagawa number of a CM tori, proving the analogous conjecture of Ono for CM tori.

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arXiv2021

Japanese Dedekind domains are excellent

The well-known fundamental identity in number theory expresses the degree of an extension of global fields in terms of local information. In this article we show a generalized fundamental identity for arbitrary Dedekind domains. As an application, we show that any Japanese Dedekind domain is already excellent.

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arXiv2021

On superspecial abelian surfaces over finite fields III

In the paper [On superspecial abelian surfaces over finite fields II. J. Math. Soc. Japan, 72(1):303--331, 2020], Tse-Chung Yang and the first two current authors computed explicitly the number $\lvert \mathrm{SSp}_2(\mathbb{F}_q)\rvert$ of isomorphism classes of superspecial abelian surfaces over an arbitrary finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ of even degree over the prime field $\mathbb{F}_p$. There it was assumed that certain commutative $\mathbb{Z}_p$-orders satisfy an \'etale condition that excludes the primes $p=2, 3, 5$. We treat these remaining primes in the present paper, where the computations are more involved because of the ramifications. This completes the calculation of $\lvert \mathrm{SSp}_2(\mathbb{F}_q)\rvert$ in the even degree case. The odd degree case was previous treated by Tse-Chung Yang and the first two current authors in [On superspecial abelian surfaces over finite fields. Doc. Math., 21:1607--1643, 2016]. Along the proof of our main theorem, we give the classification of lattices over local quaternion Bass orders, which is a new input to our previous works.

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arXiv2020

Arithmetic Satake compactifications and algebraic Drinfeld modular forms

In this article we construct the arithmetic Satake compactification of the Drinfeld moduli schemes of arbitrary rank over the ring of integers of any global function field away from the level structure, and show that the universal family extends uniquely to a generalized Drinfeld module over the compactification. Using these and functorial properties, we define algebraic Drinfeld modular forms over more general bases and the action of the (prime-to-residue characteristic and level) Hecke algebra. The construction also furnishes many algebraic Drinfeld modular forms obtained from the coefficients of the universal family which are also Hecke eigenforms. Among them we obtain generalized Hasse invariants which are already defined on the arithmetic Satake compactification and not only its special fiber. We use these generalized Hasse invariants to study the geometry of the special fiber. We conjecture that our Satake compactification is Cohen-Macaulay. If this is the case, we establish the Jacquet-Langlands correspondence (mod $v$) between Hecke eigensystems of rank $r$ Drinfeld modular forms and those of algebraic modular forms (in the sense of Gross) attached to a compact inner form of $GL_r$.

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