arXiv subjects

Fei Huang

Publications and source records attributed to Fei Huang.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources

arXiv2017

On the charge distribution of $d^*(2380)$

We calculate the charge distributions of $d^*(2380)$. Two different interpretations of the $d^*$ are considered for a comparison. One is a compact explanation with coupled $ΔΔ+CC$ two-channel approximation in the chiral constituent quark model. Another is a resonance state of $D_{12}π$. The remarkable differences of the charge distributions in the two pictures are shown and it is expected that the future experiments may provide a clear test for the different theoretical interpretations.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2017

Decay width of $d^*(2380) \to NN π$ process in a chiral constituent quark model

The width of three-body single-pion decay process $d^*\to NNπ^{0,\pm}$ is calculated by using the $d^*$ wave function obtained from our chiral SU(3) constituent quark model calculation. The effect of the dynamical structure on the width of $d^*$ is taken into account in both the single $ΔΔ$ channel and coupled $ΔΔ+CC$ two-channel approximations. Our numerical result shows that in the coupled-channel approximation, namely, the hidden-color configuration being considered, the obtained partial decay width of $d^*\to NNπ$ is about several hundred $\rm {KeV}$, while in the single $ΔΔ$ channel it is just about $2\sim 3~\rm{MeV}$. We, therefore, conclude that the partial width in the single-pion decay process of $d^*$ is much smaller than the widths in its double-pion decay processes. Our prediction may provide a criterion for judging different interpretations of the $d^*$ structure, as different pictures for the $d^*$ may result quite different partial decay width.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2016

Dynamical Dark Matter from Strongly-Coupled Dark Sectors

Dynamical Dark Matter (DDM) is an alternative framework for dark-matter physics in which the dark sector comprises a vast ensemble of particle species whose decay widths are balanced against their cosmological abundances. Previous studies of this framework have focused on a particular class of DDM ensembles --- motivated primarily by KK towers in theories with extra dimensions --- in which the density of states scales roughly as a polynomial of mass. In this paper, by contrast, we study the properties of a different class of DDM ensembles in which the density of states grows exponentially with mass. Ensembles with this Hagedorn-like property arise naturally as the "hadrons" associated with the confining phase of a strongly-coupled dark sector; they also arise naturally as the gauge-neutral bulk states of Type I string theories. We study the dynamical properties of such ensembles, and demonstrate that an appropriate DDM-like balancing between decay widths and abundances can emerge naturally --- even with an exponentially rising density of states. We also study the effective equations of state for such ensembles, and investigate some of the model-independent observational constraints on such ensembles that follow directly from these equations of state. In general, we find that such constraints tend to introduce correlations between various properties of these DDM ensembles such as their associated mass scales, lifetimes, and abundance distributions. For example, we find that these constraints allow DDM ensembles with energy scales ranging from the GeV scale all the way to the Planck scale, but the total present-day cosmological abundance of the dark sector must be spread across an increasing number of different states in the ensemble as these energy scales are dialed from the Planck scale down to the GeV scale. Numerous other correlations and constraints are also discussed.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

Properties of single cluster structure of $d^*(2380)$ in chiral SU(3) quark model

The structure of $d^*(2380)$ is re-studied with the single cluster structure in the chiral SU(3) quark model which has successfully been employed to explain the scattering and binding behaviors of baryonic systems. The mass and width are explicitly calculated with two types of trial wave functions. The result shows that the $(0s)^6 [6]_{orb}$ configuration is easy to convert to the configuration with the same $[6]_{orb}$ symmetry but $2\hbar ω$ excitation back and forth, however, it is seldom to turn into a two-cluster configuration with a (1s) relative motion in between. The resultant mass and width are about $2394$MeV and $25$MeV, respectively, and the stable size is about $0.75fm$, which are consistent with both the results in the two-cluster configuration calculation and the data measured by the COSY collaboration. It seems that the observed $d^*$ is a six-quark dominated exotic state with a spherical shape and breath mode in the coordinate space. Moreover, if $d^*$ does have $2\hbar ω$ excitation, the $d^* \to npπππ$ decay mode might be a good place to distinguish the real structure of the observed phenomenon by COSY. The masses of various isospin-spin states of six-light-quark systems are also computed. It is shown that by considering the coupling with the configurations with $2\hbar ω$ excitations, only the mirror state with $IS$=$30$ will be lower down to the place where whose mass is slightly higher than the value of the $ΔΔ$ threshold.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

Measurement of Laterally Induced Optical Forces at the Nanoscale

We demonstrate the measurement of laterally induced optical forces using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The lateral electric field distribution between a gold coated AFM probe and a nano-aperture in a gold film is mapped by measuring the lateral optical force between the apex of the AFM probe and the nano-aperture. Torsional eigenmodes of an AFM cantilever probe were used to detect the laterally induced optical forces. We engineered the cantilever shape using a focused ion beam to enhance the torsional eigenmode resonance. The measured lateral optical force agrees well with simulations. This technique can be extended to simultaneously detect both lateral and longitudinal optical forces at the nanoscale by using an AFM cantilever as a multichannel detector. This will enable simultaneous Photon Induced Force Microscopy (PIFM) detection of molecular responses with different incident field polarizations. The technique can be implemented on both cantilever and tuning fork based AFMs.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Decay width of $d^*(2380)\to NN ππ$ processes

The decay widths of four-body double-pion decays $\ds\to pn π^0π^0$, $\ds\to pn π^+π^-$, and iso-scalar parts of $\ds\to pp π^0π^-$ and $\ds\to nn π^+π^0$ are explicitly calculated with the help of the $d^*$ wave function obtained in a chiral SU(3) quark model calculation. The effect of the dynamical structure on $\ds$'s width is analyzed both in the single $ΔΔ$ channel and coupled $ΔΔ$ and $CC$ channel approximations. It is found that in the coupled-channel approximation, the obtained partial decay widths of $\ds\to pn π^0π^0$, $\ds\to pn π^+π^-$, and those of $d^*$ to the iso-scalar parts of $pp π^0π^-$ and $nn π^+π^0$ are about $7.4$MeV, $16.4$MeV, $3.5$MeV and $3.5$MeV, respectively As a consequence, the total width is about $64.5$MeV. These widths are consistent with those estimated by using the corresponding cross section data in our previous investigation and also the observed data. But in the single $ΔΔ$ channel approximation, the widths are still almost 2-times larger than the measured values. Apparently, the explicitly calculated width together with the evaluated mass of $d^*$ in the coupled $ΔΔ$ and $CC$ channel approximation can well explain the observed data, which again supports our assertion that the $\ds$ resonance is a six-quark dominated exotic state.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

On two conjectures about the proper connection number of graphs

A path in an edge-colored graph is called proper if no two consecutive edges of the path receive the same color. For a connected graph $G$, the proper connection number $pc(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of colors needed to color its edges so that every pair of distinct vertices of $G$ are connected by at least one proper path in $G$. In this paper, we consider two conjectures on the proper connection number of graphs. The first conjecture states that if $G$ is a noncomplete graph with connectivity $κ(G) = 2$ and minimum degree $δ(G)\ge 3$, then $pc(G) = 2$, posed by Borozan et al.~in [Discrete Math. 312(2012), 2550-2560]. We give a family of counterexamples to disprove this conjecture. However, from a result of Thomassen it follows that 3-edge-connected noncomplete graphs have proper connection number 2. Using this result, we can prove that if $G$ is a 2-connected noncomplete graph with $diam(G)=3$, then $pc(G) = 2$, which solves the second conjecture we want to mention, posed by Li and Magnant in [Theory \& Appl. Graphs 0(1)(2015), Art.2].

math.CO↗

arXiv2016

Solution to a conjecture on the proper connection number of graphs

A path in an edge-colored graph is called a proper path if no two adjacent edges of the path receive the same color. For a connected graph $G$, the proper connection number $pc(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of colors needed to color its edges, so that every pair of distinct vertices of $G$ is connected by at least one proper path in $G$. Recently, Li and Magnant in [Theory Appl. Graphs 0(1)(2015), Art.2] posed the following conjecture: If $G$ is a connected noncomplete graph of order $n \geq 5$ and minimum degree $δ(G) \geq n/4$, then $pc(G)=2$. In this paper, we show that this conjecture is true except for two small graphs on 7 and 8 vertices, respectively. As a byproduct we obtain that if $G$ is a connected bipartite graph of order $n\geq 4$ with $δ(G)\geq \frac{n+6}{8}$, then $pc(G)=2$.

math.CO↗

arXiv2015

Proper connection number and 2-proper connection number of a graph

A path in an edge-colored graph is called a proper path if no two adjacent edges of the path are colored with one same color. An edge-colored graph is called $k$-proper connected if any two vertices of the graph are connected by $k$ internally pairwise vertex-disjoint proper paths in the graph. The $k$-proper connection number of a $k$-connected graph $G$, denoted by $pc_k(G)$, is defined as the smallest number of colors that are needed in order to make $G$ $k$-proper connected. For $k=1$, we write $pc(G)$ other than $pc_1(G)$, and call it the proper connection number of $G$. In this paper, we present an upper bound for the proper connection number of a graph $G$ in terms of the minimum degree of $G$, and give some sufficient conditions for a graph to have $2$-proper connection number two. Also, we investigate the proper connection numbers of dense graphs.

math.CO↗

arXiv2015

Proper connection numbers of complementary graphs

A path $P$ in an edge-colored graph $G$ is called a proper path if no two adjacent edges of $P$ are colored the same, and $G$ is proper connected if every two vertices of $G$ are connected by a proper path in $G$. The proper connection number of a connected graph $G$, denoted by $pc(G)$, is the minimum number of colors that are needed to make $G$ proper connected. In this paper, we investigate the proper connection number of the complement of graph $G$ according to some constraints of $G$ itself. Also, we characterize the graphs on $n$ vertices that have proper connection number $n-2$. Using this result, we give a Nordhaus-Gaddum-type theorem for the proper connection number. We prove that if $G$ and $\overline{G}$ are both connected, then $4\le pc(G)+pc(\overline{G})\le n$, and the only graph attaining the upper bound is the tree with maximum degree $Δ=n-2$.

math.CO↗

arXiv2015

A study of $d^*(2380)\to d ππ$ decay width

The decay widths of the $\ds\to d π^0π^0$ and $\ds\to d π^+π^-$ processes are explicitly calculated in terms of our chiral quark model. By using the experimental ratios of cross sections between various decay channels, the partial widths of the $\ds\to pn π^0π^0$, $\ds\to pn π^+π^-$, $\ds\to pp π^0π^-$, and $\ds\to nn π^+π^0$ channels are also extracted. Further including the estimated partial width for the $\ds\to pn $ process, the total width of the $\ds$ resonance is obtained. In the first step of the practical calculation, the effect of the dynamical structure on the width of $\ds$ is studied in the single $ΔΔ$ channel approximation. It is found that the width is reduced by few tens of MeV, in comparison with the one obtained by considering the effect of the kinematics only. This presents the importance of such effect from the dynamical structure. However, the obtained width with the single $ΔΔ$ channel wave function is still too large to explain the data. It implies that the $\ds$ resonance will not consist of the $ΔΔ$ structure only, and instead there should be enough room for other structure such as the hidden-color (CC) component. Thus, in the second step, the width of $\ds$ is further evaluated by using a wave function obtained in the coupled $ΔΔ$ and CC channel calculation in the framework of the Resonating Group Method (RGM). It is shown that the resultant total width for $\ds$ is about 69 MeV, which is compatible with the experimental observation of about 75 MeV and justifies our assertion that the $\ds$ resonance is a hexaquark-dominated exotic state.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2014

Skew Randić Matrix and Skew Randić Energy

Let $G$ be a simple graph with an orientation $σ$, which assigns to each edge a direction so that $G^σ$ becomes a directed graph. $G$ is said to be the underlying graph of the directed graph $G^σ$. In this paper, we define a weighted skew adjacency matrix with Randć weight, the skew Randić matrix ${\bf R_S}(G^σ)$, of $G^σ$ as the real skew symmetric matrix $[(r_s)_{ij}]$ where $(r_s)_{ij} = (d_id_j)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ and $(r_s)_{ji} = -(d_id_j)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ if $v_i \rightarrow v_j$ is an arc of $G^σ$, otherwise $(r_s)_{ij} = (r_s)_{ji} = 0$. We derive some properties of the skew Randić energy of an oriented graph. Most properties are similar to those for the skew energy of oriented graphs. But, surprisingly, the extremal oriented graphs with maximum or minimum skew Randić energy are completely different.

math.CO↗

arXiv2014

Phenomenology analysis of duration inflation for Tachyon field in loop quantum cosmology

Assuming that the e-folding number is just determined by the change of the scale factor, the tachyonic inflation theory in LQC has been discussed. Considering the tachyon field with exponential potential and inverse quadratic potential, we find that the evolutionary pictures of super inflation are affected by the potentials and the initial conditions. However it cannot provide enough e-folding number, no matter which condition is chosen. Therefore a slow-rolling inflation is necessary. The e-folding number for slow-rolling inflation depends on the values of the parameter $α$ of the exponential potential and the initial conditions. To get enough e-folding number, $α$ should be small. Based on the slow-rolling inflation happens immediately when the super inflation ends, and the scale factor is continuously growing during the whole inflation stage, we consider an e-folding number provided by the whole inflationary stage, and we find that it is easier to get enough e-folding number when the scale factor increases during all the inflation phase.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2014

On graphs with maximum Harary spectral radius

Let $G$ be a simple graph with vertex set $V(G) = \{v_1 ,v_2 ,\cdots ,v_n\}$. The Harary matrix $RD(G)$ of $G$, which is initially called the reciprocal distance matrix, is an $n \times n$ matrix whose $(i,j)$-entry is equal to $\frac{1}{d_{ij}}$ if $i\not=j$ and $0$ otherwise, where $d_{ij}$ is the distance of $v_i$ and $v_j$ in $G$. In this paper, we characterize graphs with maximum spectral radius of Harary matrix in three classes of simple connected graphs with $n$ vertices: graphs with fixed matching number, bipartite graphs with fixed matching number, and graphs with given number of cut edges, respectively.

math.CO↗

arXiv2014

Mapping Nanoscale Electromagnetic Near-Field Distributions Using Optical Forces

We demonstrate the application of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) based optical force microscopy to map the optical near-fields with nanometer resolution, limited only by the AFM probe geometry. We map the electric field distributions of tightly focused laser beams with different polarizations and show that the experimentally measured data agrees well with the theoretical predictions from a dipole-dipole interaction model, thereby validating our approach. We further validate the proposed technique by evaluating the optical electric field scattered by a spherical nanoparticle by measuring the optical forces between the nanoparticle and gold coated AFM probe. The technique allows for wavelength independent, background free, thermal noise limited mechanical imaging of optical phenomenon with sensitivity limited by AFM performance. Optical forces due to both electric and magnetic dipole-dipole interactions can be measured using this technique.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2014

Randić Incidence Energy of Graphs

Let $G$ be a simple graph with vertex set $V(G) = \{v_1, v_2,\ldots, v_n\}$ and edge set $E(G) = \{e_1, e_2,\ldots, e_m\}$. Similar to the Randić matrix, here we introduce the Randić incidence matrix of a graph $G$, denoted by $I_R(G)$, which is defined as the $n\times m$ matrix whose $(i, j)$-entry is $(d_i)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ if $v_i$ is incident to $e_j$ and $0$ otherwise. Naturally, the Randić incidence energy $I_RE$ of $G$ is the sum of the singular values of $I_R(G)$. We establish lower and upper bounds for the Randić incidence energy. Graphs for which these bounds are best possible are characterized. Moreover, we investigate the relation between the Randić incidence energy of a graph and that of its subgraphs. Also we give a sharp upper bound for the Randić incidence energy of a bipartite graph and determine the trees with the maximum Randić incidence energy among all $n$-vertex trees. As a result, some results are very different from those for incidence energy.

math.CO↗

arXiv2014

On maximum Estrada indices of bipartite graphs with some given parameters

The Estrada index of a graph $G$ is defined as $EE(G)=\sum_{i=1}^ne^{λ_i}$, where $λ_1,$ $ λ_2,\ldots, λ_n$ are the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $G$. In this paper, we characterize the unique bipartite graph with maximum Estrada index among bipartite graphs with given matching number and given vertex-connectivity, edge-connectivity, respectively.

math.CO↗

arXiv2013

Path Integral of Bianchi I models in Loop Quantum Cosmology

A path integral formulation of the Bianchi I models containing a massless scalar field in loop quantum cosmology is constructed. Following the strategy used in the homogenous and isotropic case, the calculation is extended to the simplest non-isotropic models according to the $\barμ$ and $\barμ^{\prime}$ scheme. It is proved from the path integral angle that the quantum dynamic lacks the full invariance with respect to fiducial cell scaling in the $\barμ$ scheme, but it does not in the $\barμ^{\prime}$ scheme. The investigation affirms the equivalence of the canonical approach and the path integral approach in loop quantum cosmology.

gr-qc↗