arXiv subjects

Helen Fraser

Publications and source records attributed to Helen Fraser.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Surveying the Universe in 4D: Beating Cosmic Variance with Wide-Field Slitless Spectroscopy from HST, JWST, Euclid, Roman, and Beyond

We summarize strategies, lessons learned, and future directions from the Space Telescope Science Institute workshop Surveying the Universe in 4D: Beating Cosmic Variance with Wide-Field Slitless Spectroscopy from HST, JWST, Euclid, Roman, and Beyond, held August 24--28, 2026. The workshop examined scientific results, observational and data analysis challenges, extraction tools, and future opportunities. Discussions highlighted (1) the transformative potential of WFSS for the study of transient phenomena, galaxy evolution --both spatially-resolved and within the broader context of the cosmic web--, and rare populations and (2) the synergies among Euclid and Roman surveys, Rubin-LSST monitoring, JWST WFSS, and high-resolution integral-field observations. Participants identified advances in forward modeling and physics-informed machine learning as essential for addressing spectral overlap, crowded fields, and upcoming, very large data volumes. Realizing WFSS's full potential will require community-wide infrastructure, science-ready data products, accessible cloud-based analysis tools, and robust benchmarking of reduction pipelines. Crucially, participants called for systemic changes to properly recognize early-career researchers who invest significant efforts in pipeline, code, and calibration developments that enable WFSS science, and stressed that progress requires collaborative, multidisciplinary practices that optimize the participation and benefits of the next generation.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2025

Modelling methanol and hydride formation in the JWST Ice Age era

(Abridged) JWST observations have measured the ice composition toward two highly-extinguished field stars in the Chamaeleon I cloud. The observed extinction excess on the long-wavelength side of the H2O ice band at 3 micron has been attributed to a mixture of CH3OH with ammonia hydrates, which suggests that CH3OH ice could have formed in a water-rich environment with little CO depletion. Laboratory experiments and quantum chemical calculations suggest that CH3OH could form via the grain surface reactions CH3+OH and/or C+H2O in water-rich ices. However, no dedicated chemical modelling has been carried out thus far to test their efficiency and dependence on the astrochemical code employed. We model the ice chemistry in the Chamaeleon I cloud using a set of astrochemical codes (MAGICKAL, MONACO, Nautilus, UCLCHEM, and KMC simulations) to test the effects of the different code architectures and of the assumed ice chemistry. Our models show that the JWST ice observations are better reproduced for gas densities >1e5 cm-3 and collapse times >1e5 yr. CH3OH ice forms predominantly (>99%) via CO hydrogenation. The contribution of reactions CH3+OH and C+H2O, is negligible. The CO2 ice may form either via CO+OH or CO+O depending on the code. However, KMC simulations reveal that both mechanisms are efficient despite the low rate constant of the CO+O surface reaction. CH4 is largely underproduced for all codes except for UCLCHEM, for which a higher amount of atomic C is available during the initial translucent cloud phase. Large differences in the ice abundances are found at Tdust<12 K between diffusive and non-diffusive chemistry codes. This is due to the fact that non-diffusive chemistry takes over diffusive chemistry at such low Tdust. This could explain the rather constant ice chemical composition found in Chamaeleon I and other dense cores despite the different visual extinctions probed.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2015

Atomic and Molecular Data: Division B / Commission 14

Commission 14 has been operating for almost a century. It was one of the 32 Standing IAU Commissions and established in 1919. The main purpose of Commission 14 is to foster interactions between the astronomical community and those conducting research on atoms, molecules, and solid state particles to provide data vital to reducing and analysing astronomical observations and performing theoretical investigations. Although Commission 14 terminated at the Honolulu General Assembly, the field Atomic and Molecular Data remains with the IAU. By call of the IAU, the Commission 14 OC initiated a proposal for a new Commission on Laboratory Astrophysics that was approved. Commission on Laboratory Astrophysics will be a natural evolution of Commission 14.

physics.atom-ph↗