From photons to neutrinos : Advancing multi-messenger modeling with Gammapy
In recent years, several astrophysical objects have been identified as potential multi-messenger photon-neutrino emitters. New instruments dedicated to the study of these two messengers have been and are still being built, achieving unprecedented sensitivity. This observational improvement increases the need for more sophisticated and precise analysis tools. Multi-wavelength and multi-messenger data fitting is crucial to constrain astrophysical models of particle acceleration and radiation mechanisms at work in these extreme environments. In this contribution, we present a novel framework dedicated to multi-wavelength and multi-messenger modeling, built within the open-source software Gammapy. The framework enables data analysis from optical up to very-high-energy gamma rays, and fitting physical models directly to instrumental counts in these wavebands, without the need of computing flux points. Focusing on blazars as a first example of a multi-messenger candidate, we showcase the performance of this tool in constraining multi-wavelength emission models, and how it reduces fitting biases. We show the results of a leptonic model that can be fitted on the fly, due to the short computing time needed. For more computing-intensive emission codes, we explore a grid-fitting approach. We evaluate the performance of the new fitting tool and present its first application to leptonic modeling of blazars. By fitting directly on photon and neutrino events, this novel approach will enable, for the first time, statistically sound constraints on the physics of multi-messenger sources.