Optimization of curved vortex generator geometry for enhanced thermal performance in water-to-air finned-tube heat exchanger
In the study, the geometry of curved rectangular vortex generators (RVG) has been optimized to enhance heat transfer and overall performance of the analyzed water-to-air finned-tube heat exchanger (FTHE). The developed and validated conjugate numerical model includes a small section of the full-scale heat exchanger representing the computational domain, with fully developed velocity and temperature profiles specified at the inlet boundaries of the water. Four influential geometry parameters of the vortex generator were selected for the optimization; attack angle, curvature angle, axial position in the streamwise direction and height. The optimization process has been performed according to two criteria: maximization of heat transfer solely and maximization of heat transfer while considering the influence of pressure drop. Accordingly, one objective function related to the Colburn factor (j) and two objective functions combining the Colburn factor and the friction factor (f) were defined. The regression analysis has been used and the Central composite design of experiment was selected in order to obtain non-linear regression polynomial functions which were integrated into the investigated objectives. The optimization procedure has been performed using the genetic algorithm. Optimized configurations performance improvement was evaluated through comparison with the performance of the reference FTHE with plain fins. For the RVG configuration optimized according to the objective of maximizing heat transfer, the Colburn factor was enhanced by 53.1%. Optimizing the RVG configuration to maximize heat transfer while accounting for the influence of pressure drop resulted in an enhancement of the FTHE area goodness factor by 14.4% for one set of geometry parameters, and an enhancement of volume goodness factor by 26.5% for another.