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Miao Li

Publications and source records attributed to Miao Li.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

Revisit of Tension in Recent SNIa Datasets

Although today there are many observational methods, Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) is still one of the most powerful tools to probe the mysterious dark energy (DE). The most recent SNIa datasets are the 307 SNIa "Union" dataset \cite{kow08} and the 397 SNIa "Constitution" dataset \cite{hic09}. In a recent work \cite{wei10}, Wei pointed out that both Union and Constitution datasets are in tension with the observations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), and suggested that two truncated versions of Union and Constitution datasets, namely "UnionT" and "ConstitutionT", should be used to constrain various DE models. But in \cite{wei10}, only the $Λ$CDM model is used to select the outliers from the Union and the Constitution dataset. In principle, since different DE models may select different outliers, the truncation procedure should be performed for each different DE model. In the present work, by performing the truncation procedure of \cite{wei10} for 10 different models, we demonstrate that the impact of different models is negligible, and the approach adopted in \cite{wei10} is valid. Moreover, by using the 4 SNIa datasets mentioned above, as well as the observations of CMB and BAO, we perform best-fit analysis on the 10 models. It is found that: (1) For each DE model, the truncated SNIa datasets not only greatly reduce $χ_{min}^{2}$ and $χ_{min}^{2}/dof$, but also remove the tension between SNIa data and other cosmological observations. (2) The CMB data is very helpful to break the degeneracy among different parameters, and plays a very important role in distinguishing different DE models. (3) The current observational data are still too limited to distinguish all DE models.

astro-ph.CO↗

More studies on Metamaterials Mimicking de Sitter space

We estimate the dominating frequencies contributing to the Casimir energy in a cavity of metamaterials mimicking de Sitter space, by solving the eigenvalue problem of Maxwell equations. It turns out the dominating frequencies are the inverse of the size of the cavity, and the degeneracy of these frequencies also explains our previous result on the unusually large Casimir energy. Our result suggests that carrying out the experiment in laboratory is possible theoretically.

physics.optics↗

Quantum UV/IR Relations and Holographic Dark Energy from Entropic Force

We investigate the implications of the entropic force formalism proposed by Verlinde. We show that an UV/IR relation proposed by Cohen et al, as well as an uncertainty principle proposed by Hogan can be derived from the entropic force formalism. We show that applying the entropic force formalism to cosmology, there is an additional term in the Friedmann equation, which can be identified as holographic dark energy. We also propose an intuitive picture of holographic screen, which can be thought of as an improvement of Susskind's holographic screen.

hep-th↗

Probing interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model

In this paper we place observational constraints on the interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model. We consider three kinds of phenomenological interactions between holographic dark energy and matter, i.e., the interaction term $Q$ is proportional to the energy densities of dark energy ($ρ_Λ$), matter ($ρ_{m}$), and matter plus dark energy ($ρ_m+ρ_Λ$). For probing the interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model, we use the latest observational data including the type Ia supernovae (SNIa) Constitution data, the shift parameter of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) given by the five-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP5) observations, and the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurement from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Our results show that the interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model are both rather small. Besides, it is interesting to find that there exists significant degeneracy between the phenomenological interaction and the spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model.

astro-ph.CO↗

Primordial Non-Gaussianities from the Trispectra in Multiple Field Inflationary Models

We investigate the primordial non-Gaussianities from the trispectra in multi-field inflation models, which can be seen as generalization of multi-field $k$-inflation and multi-DBI inflation. We derive the full fourth-order perturbation action for the inflaton fields and evaluate the four-point correlation functions for the perturbations in the limit $\ca \ll 1$ and $\ce \ll1$. There are three types of momentum-dependent shape functions which arise from three types of four-point interaction vertices. The final trispectrum of the curvature perturbation can be expressed in terms of the deformations and permutations of these three shape functions, and is determined by $\ca$, $\ce$, $λ$, $Π$ which depend on the non-linear structure of the model and also the transfer function $T_{\Rc\Sc}$. We also discuss the parameter space for the trispectrum and plot the shape diagrams for the trispectrum both for visualization and for distinguishing different shapes from each other.

astro-ph.CO↗

Fitting the Constitution SNIa Data with Redshift Binned Parameterization Method

In this work, we explore the cosmological consequences of the recently released Constitution sample of 397 Type Ia supernovae (SNIa). By revisiting the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parameterization, we find that, for fitting the Constitution set alone, the behavior of dark energy (DE) significantly deviate from the cosmological constant $Λ$, where the equation of state (EOS) $w$ and the energy density $ρ_Λ$ of DE will rapidly decrease along with the increase of redshift $z$. Inspired by this clue, we separate the redshifts into different bins, and discuss the models of a constant $w$ or a constant $ρ_Λ$ in each bin, respectively. It is found that for fitting the Constitution set alone, $w$ and $ρ_Λ$ will also rapidly decrease along with the increase of $z$, which is consistent with the result of CPL model. Moreover, a step function model in which $ρ_Λ$ rapidly decreases at redshift $z\sim0.331$ presents a significant improvement ($Δχ^{2}=-4.361$) over the CPL parameterization, and performs better than other DE models. We also plot the error bars of DE density of this model, and find that this model deviates from the cosmological constant $Λ$ at 68.3% confidence level (CL); this may arise from some biasing systematic errors in the handling of SNIa data, or more interestingly from the nature of DE itself. In addition, for models with same number of redshift bins, a piecewise constant $ρ_Λ$ model always performs better than a piecewise constant $w$ model; this shows the advantage of using $ρ_Λ$, instead of $w$, to probe the variation of DE.

astro-ph.CO↗

A Trouble with Hořava-Lifshitz Gravity

We study the structure of the phase space in Hořava-Lifshitz theory. With the constraints derived from the action, the phase space is described by five fields, thus there is a lack of canonical structure. The Poisson brackets of the Hamiltonian density do not form a closed structure, resulting in many new constraints. Taking these new constraints into account, it appears that there is no degree of freedom left, or the phase space is reduced to one with an odd number of fields.

hep-th↗

Multi-Stream Inflation

We propose a "multi-stream" inflation model, which is a double field model with spontaneous breaking and restoration of an approximate symmetry. We calculate the density perturbation and non-Gaussianity in this model. We find that this model can have large, scale dependent, and probably oscillating non-Gaussianity. We also note that our model can produce features in the CMB power spectrum and hemispherical power asymmetry.

hep-th↗

Holographic dark energy models: A comparison from the latest observational data

The holographic principle of quantum gravity theory has been applied to the dark energy (DE) problem, and so far three holographic DE models have been proposed: the original holographic dark energy (HDE) model, the agegraphic dark energy (ADE) model, and the holographic Ricci dark energy (RDE) model. In this work, we perform the best-fit analysis on these three models, by using the latest observational data including the Union+CFA3 sample of 397 Type Ia supernovae (SNIa), the shift parameter of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) given by the five-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP5) observations, and the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurement from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The analysis shows that for HDE, $χ_{min}^{2}=465.912$; for RDE, $χ_{min}^{2}=483.130$; for ADE, $χ_{min}^{2}=481.694$. Among these models, HDE model can give the smallest $χ^2_{min}$. Besides, we also use the Bayesian evidence (BE) as a model selection criterion to make a comparison. It is found that for HDE, ADE, and RDE, $Δ\ln \mathrm{BE}= -0.86$, -5.17, and -8.14, respectively. So, it seems that the HDE model is more favored by the observational data.

astro-ph.CO↗

K-essence Explains a Lorentz Violation Experiment

Recently, a state of the art experiment shows evidence for Lorentz violation in the gravitational sector. To explain this experiment, we investigate a spontaneous Lorentz violation scenario with a generalized scalar field. We find that when the scalar field is nonminimally coupled to gravity, the Lorentz violation induces a deformation in the Newtonian potential along the direction of Lorentz violation.

gr-qc↗

Non-Commutativity, Teleology and GRB Time Delay

We propose a model in which an energy-dependent time delay of a photon originates from space-time non-commutativity, the time delay is due to a noncommutative coupling between dilaton and photon. We predict that in our model, high energy photons with different momenta can either be delayed or superluminal, this may be related to a possible time delay reported by the Fermi LAT and Fermi GBM Collaborations.

gr-qc↗

Holographic Gas as Dark Energy

We investigate the statistical nature of holographic gas, which may represent the quasi-particle excitations of a strongly correlated gravitational system. We find that the holographic entropy can be obtained by modifying degeneracy. We calculate thermodynamical quantities and investigate stability of the holographic gas. When applying to cosmology, we find that the holographic gas behaves as holographic dark energy, and the parameter $c$ in holographic dark energy can be calculated from our model. Our model of holographic gas generally predicts $c<1$, implying that the fate of our universe is phantom like.

hep-th↗

High spin baryon in hot strongly coupled plasma

We consider a strings-junction holographic model of probe baryon in the finite-temperature supersymmetric Yang-Mills dual of the AdS-Schwarzschild black hole background. In particular, we investigate the screening length for high spin baryon composed of rotating N_c heavy quarks. To rotate quarks by finite force, we put hard infrared cutoff in the bulk and give quarks finite mass. We find that N_c microscopic strings are embedded reasonably in the bulk geometry when they have finite angular velocity ω, similar to the meson case. By defining the screening length as the critical separation of quarks, we compute the ωdependence of the baryon screening length numerically and obtain a reasonable result which shows that baryons with high spin dissociate more easily. Finally, we discuss the relation between J and E^2 for baryons.

hep-th↗

Consistency Relations for Non-Gaussianity

We investigate consistency relations for non-Gaussianity. We provide a model-independent dynamical proof for the consistency relation of 3-point correlation functions from the Hamiltonian and field redefinition. This relation can be applied to single field inflation, multi-field inflation and the curvaton scenario. This relation can also be generalized to $n$-point correlation functions up to arbitrary order in perturbation theory and with arbitrary number of loops.

hep-th↗

M2-branes Coupled to Antisymmetric Fluxes

By turning on antisymmetric background fluxes, we study how multiple M2-branes are coupled to them. Our investigation concentrates on the gauge invariance conditions for the Myers-Chern-Simons action. Furthermore, the dimensional reduction of M2-branes to D2-branes introduces more constraints on the newly introduced tensors. Particularly, for the theory based on A_4 algebra, we are able to fix all components of them up to an overall normalization constant. These results can not be simply obtained from the previously proposed cubic matrix representation for this algebra. We also comment on cubic matrices as the representations of 3-algebras.

hep-th↗