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Ruiran Sun

Publications and source records attributed to Ruiran Sun.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Rigidity Criterion for Certain Calabi-Yau Families

We prove a new rigidity criterion for families of polarized Calabi--Yau manifolds. If, near a boundary point, the total space is smooth, the relative canonical bundle is trivial, and the boundary fiber has only isolated singularities whose summed mixed Hodge spectrum is concentrated, then the family is rigid. This includes degenerations with only ordinary double points and cusps. The proof combines a local vanishing-cycle analysis with a global tensor-product decomposition of the associated variation of Hodge structures. We also prove an infinitesimal version. An explicit non-isotrivial, nonrigid family shows that the isolated-singularity assumption alone is insufficient.

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arXiv2026

Kodaira-Spencer Map on the Hitchin-Simpson Correspondence

We define the isomonodromic deformation of a Higgs bundle over a compact Riemann surface via the Hitchin-Simpson correspondence and the isomonodromic deformation of a local system. This deformation defines a real analytic section of the relative Dolbeault moduli space, yielding a real analytic foliation on this moduli. This foliation generalizes the Betti foliation defined by the Betti map in the study of abelian schemes. We provide a precise form for the holomorphic and anti-holomorphic derivatives of the isomonodromic deformation of a Higgs bundle. Subsequently, we extend the classical non-abelian Kodaira-Spencer map using the anti-holomorphic derivative. Additionally, we prove that if the isomonodromic deformation of a graded Higgs bundle is not holomorphic, then the isomonodromically deformed Higgs field is non-nilpotent.

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arXiv2026

Non-Abelian Kodaira-Spencer Map and non-existence of holomorphic isomonodromic deformation of Higgs bundles over Teichmüller spaces

We define the isomonodromic deformation of a Higgs bundle on a compact Riemann surface via the Hitchin--Simpson correspondence and the isomonodromic deformation of the associated local system. This construction yields a real-analytic section of the relative Dolbeault moduli space and hence a real-analytic foliation, generalizing the Betti foliation arising from the Betti map in the study of abelian schemes. We give cohomological expressions for the holomorphic and anti-holomorphic derivatives of the isomonodromic deformation and use the latter to extend the classical non-abelian Kodaira--Spencer map. We prove that if the isomonodromic deformation of a graded Higgs bundle is non-holomorphic, then the deformed Higgs field is non-nilpotent. We also give a short new proof of the non-existence of holomorphic isomonodromic deformations for generic Higgs bundles over Teichmüller space $\mathcal T_g$, previously established in \cite{biswas}. This shows that global holomorphicity imposes strong restrictions on the initial Higgs bundle. Motivated by this observation, we prove, under suitable numerical conditions, that non-nilpotent or non-unitary Higgs bundles have non-holomorphic isomonodromic deformations over $\mathcal T_g$. These results may be viewed as analogues of the Landesman--Litt finite-image theorem for MCG-finite representations \cite{LL}. This paper synthesizes and refines our two earlier preprints \cite{HSZ,HSZII} (arXiv:2511.14272 and arXiv:2512.15478), and makes further progress on the non-existence problem for holomorphic isomonodromic deformations of higher rank Higgs bundles over Teichmüller spaces.

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arXiv2026

Higher order isomonodromic deformation of Higgs bundles and a characterization of the non-abelian Noether-Lefschetz locus

The purpose of this paper is to establish a local theory of the non-abelian Noether--Lefschetz locus. Given a family of projective manifolds over a complex variety $S$, the isomonodromic deformation of the initial $\mathbb C$-PVHS defines a holomorphic family of flat bundles and defines a real analytic family of Higgs bundles by the non-abelian Hodge correspondence. The non-abelian Noether--Lefschetz locus exactly consists of those points in $S$ on which the isomonodromic deformed Higgs bundle underlies a graded structure. Esnault-Kerz ask whether the non-abelian Noether--Lefschetz locus is precisely the maximal complex analytic subvariety on which the real analytic isomonodromic deformation of Higgs bundles becomes holomorphic. Our main result gives an affirmative answer to this question. The proof is based on the deformation equation of the harmonic metric solved by the non-abelian Hodge correspondence, and we use it to study higher order deformation class of the isomonodromic deformation of a graded Higgs bundle, which is expressed in terms of the differential graded Lie algebra of the joint real analytic deformation. We introduce a sequence of obstruction classes measuring the failure of holomorphicity and show that their vanishing forces the graded structure to lift to arbitrary finite order. This yields a local characterization of the non-abelian Noether--Lefschetz locus in terms of the holomorphicity of the isomonodromic deformation of Higgs bundles.

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arXiv2026

Isomonodromic deformations of Higgs bundles and characterization of the non-abelian Noether--Lefschetz locus

Let $f:X\to S$ be a smooth proper family of smooth projective varieties. An irreducible complex local system on a fiber admits an isomonodromic deformation, hence determines a holomorphic section of the relative de Rham moduli space. Applying the relative non-abelian Hodge correspondence produces a real-analytic section $σ_{Dol}:S\to M_{Dol}(X/S)$ of the relative Dolbeault moduli space. In this paper, we investigate when this real-analytic section is holomorphic. The first approach uses the first-order infinitesimal deformation: we prove a Cauchy--Riemann type criterion showing that holomorphicity in a tangent direction of $S$ is measured by the composition of the Kodaira--Spencer map with the non-abelian Higgs field. The second approach involves higher-order derivatives: after restricting $σ_{Dol}$ to infinitesimal thickenings of the reference point in $S$, we introduce obstruction classes measuring the failure of holomorphicity and relate them to the Taylor expansion of the harmonic metric. We apply these criteria to three problems. First, we study the interaction between the $\mathbb C^*$-action on Higgs bundles and isomonodromic deformations.Second, for an initial polarized complex variation of Hodge structures, we consider the associated non-abelian Noether--Lefschetz locus. We prove that this locus is precisely the maximal complex analytic subvariety of $S$ on which the real-analytic isomonodromic deformation $σ_{Dol}$ becomes holomorphic. Both the first-order and higher-order methods yield proofs of this characterization. Lastly, we prove that if the initial Higgs bundle is generically regular nilpotent and the isomonodromic deformation is holomorphic, then every member of the family is represented by a nilpotent Higgs bundle.

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arXiv2026

On the distribution of non-rigid families in the moduli spaces

This paper investigates the distribution of non-rigid families in a moduli space $\mathcal{M}$ of polarized projective manifolds for which the infinitesimal Torelli theorem holds. Guided by the analogy with unlikely intersection in Shimura varieties, we show that the image of any non-rigid classifying morphisms into $\mathcal{M}$ is contained in the Hodge locus as long as the derived Mumford-Tate group is $\mathbb{Q}$-simple and the period map is generically finite. If moreover the period domain is not Hermitian of rank at least 2, then the Hodge locus can be replaced by a closed subscheme, which yields a finiteness theorem of geometric Bombieri-Lang type. Inspired by the Zilber-Pink conjecture, we also characterize the geometry of non-rigid locus by the specialness of bi-Hom schemes and the finiteness of "structurally-atypical" intersections. Finally, we specialize to the moduli spaces of polarized Calabi-Yau manifolds, formulate an unobstructedness conjecture for non-rigid maps which implies the specialness of bi-Hom schemes, prove a geometric André-Oort theorem describing the Zariski closure of non-rigid locus, and test the theory and the conjecture for the explicit Viehweg-Zuo family of Calabi--Yau quintics in $\mathbb{P}^4$.

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arXiv2025

Finiteness of pointed maps to moduli spaces of polarized varieties

We establish a finiteness result for pointed maps to the base space $U$ of a smooth projective family of varieties with maximal variation in moduli. For its proof, we establish the rigidity of pointed maps to a (not necessarily compact) variety which is hyperbolic modulo a proper closed subset. Together with Viehweg's hyperbolicity conjecture on the bigness of log-canonical bundles of moduli spaces, resolved by Campana-Paun, we derive an optimal dimension bound on the Hom scheme from a curve to $U$ among other applications.

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arXiv2024

Topological Hyperbolicity of Moduli spaces of Elliptic Surfaces

We introduce the notion of topological hyperbolicity to characterize the largeness of the topological fundamental group of a complex variety. Inspired by the Shafarevich conjecture, we propose to study the topological hyperbolicity of moduli spaces of polarized manifolds. We provide two pieces of supporting evidence: first, we show that moduli spaces where the infinitesimal Torelli theorem holds are very close to being topologically hyperbolic. Second, we establish a weak form of topological hyperbolicity for moduli spaces of elliptic surfaces of Kodaira dimension one without multiple fibers, where the infinitesimal Torelli theorem generally does not hold.

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arXiv2024

Parahoric reduction theory of formal connections (or Higgs fields)

In this paper, we establish the parahoric reduction theory of formal connections (or Higgs fields) on a formal principal bundle with parahoric structures, which generalizes Babbitt-Varadarajan's result for the case without parahoric structures [5] and Boalch's result for the case of regular singularity [9]. As applications, we prove the equivalence between extrinsic definition and intrinsic definition of regular singularity and provide a criterion of relative regularity for formal connections, and also demonstrate a parahoric version of Frenkel-Zhu's Borel reduction theorem of formal connections [23].

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arXiv2023

Entire holomorphic curves into $\mathbb{P}^n(\mathbb{C})$ intersecting $n+1$ general hypersurfaces

Let $\{D_i\}_{i=1}^{n+1}$ be $n+1$ hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{P}^n(\mathbb{C})$ with total degrees $\sum_{i=1}^{n+1} °D_i\geqslant n+2$, in general position and satisfying a generic geometric condition: every $n$ hypersurfaces intersect only at smooth points and the intersection is transversal. Then, for every algebraically nondegenerate entire holomorphic curve $f\colon\mathbb{C}\rightarrow\mathbb{P}^n(\mathbb{C})$, we show a Second Main Theorem: $$ \sum_{i=1}^{n+1} δ_f(D_i) < n+1 $$ in terms of defect inequality in Nevanlinna theory. This is the first result in the literature on Second Main Theorem for $n+1$ general hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{P}^n(\mathbb{C})$ with optimal total degrees.

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arXiv2022

Hyperbolicity of varieties with big linear representation of $π_1$

We show the following algebraicity result for a complex projective variety $X$ with big representation of $π_1$ into a semi-simple algebraic group: There exists a proper subvariety $Z \subset X$ such that for any algebraic curve $C$, any holomorphic map $γ:\, C \to X$ with $γ(C) \not\subset Z$ is induced from an algebraic morphism. As an application, we prove pseudo-Brody hyperbolicity of certain varieties with big reductive representations of $π_1$.

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arXiv2021

Big Picard Theorem for jet differentials and Non-archimedean Ax-Lindemann Theorem

By implementing jet differential techniques in non-archimedean geometry, we obtain a big Picard type extension theorem, which generalizes a previous result of Cherry and Ru. As applications, we establish two hyperbolicity-related results. Firstly, we prove a non-archimedean Ax-Lindemann theorem for totally degenerate abelian varieties. Secondly, we show the pseudo-Borel hyperbolicity for subvarieties of general type in abelian varieties.

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arXiv2021

Picard theorems for moduli spaces of polarized varieties

As a result of our study of the hyperbolicity of the moduli space of polarized manifold, we give a general big Picard theorem for a holomorphic curve on a log-smooth pair $(X,D)$ such that $W=X\setminus D$ admits a Finsler pseudometric that is strongly negatively curved when pulled back to the curve. We show, by some refinements of the classical Viehweg-Zuo construction, that this latter condition holds for the base space $W$, if nonsingular, of any algebraic family of polarized complex projective manifolds with semi-ample canonical bundles whose induced moduli map $ϕ$ to the moduli space of such manifolds is generically finite and any $ϕ$-horizontal holomorphic curve in $W$. This yields the big Picard theorem for any holomorphic curves in the base space $U$ of such an algebraic family by allowing this base space to be singular but with generically finite moduli map. An immediate and useful corollary is that any holomorphic map from an algebraic variety to such a base space $U$ must be algebraic, i.e., the corresponding holomorphic family must be algebraic. We also show the related algebraic hyperbolicity property of such a base space $U$, which generalizes previous Arakelov inequalities and weak boundedness results for moduli stacks and offers, in addition to the Picard theorem above, another evidence in favor of the hyperbolic embeddability of such an $U$.

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arXiv2020

Holomorphic curves in Base Spaces of Families of Polarized Manifolds

For a smooth family $V \to U$ of polarized manifolds with semi-ample canonical sheaves, we show the following result: any entire curve must be contained in the fibers of the classifying map from the base space $U$ to the moduli space. This settles the Relative Isotriviality Conjecture, \cite[Conjecture 1.5]{DLSZ}.

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arXiv2020

Non-archimedean hyperbolicity of the moduli space of curves

Let $K$ be a complete algebraically closed non-archimedean valued field of characteristic zero, and let $X$ be a finite type scheme over $K$. We say $X$ is $K$-analytically Borel hyperbolic if, for every finite type reduced scheme $S$ over $K$, every rigid analytic morphism from the rigid analytification $S^{\mathrm{an}}$ of $S$ to the rigid analytification $X^{\mathrm{an}}$ of $X$ is algebraic. Using the Viehweg-Zuo construction and the $K$-analytic big Picard theorem of Cherry-Ru, we show that, for $N \geq 3$ and $g \geq 2$, the fine moduli space $\mathcal{M}^{[N]}_{g,K}$ over $K$ of genus $g$ curves with level $N$-structure is $K$-analytically Borel hyperbolic.

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arXiv2020

Second Main Theorem on the Moduli Spaces of Polarized Varieties

Let $(X,D)$ be a smooth log pair over $\mathbb{C}$ such that the complement $U := X \setminus D$ carries a maximally varied family of polarized manifolds. We prove a version of second main theorem on $(X,D)$ by using the Viehweg-Zuo construction of the family and McQuillan's tautological inequality. As an application, we generalize a classical result of Nadel about the distribution of entire curves in the (compactified) base space of polarized families.

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arXiv2019

Projective Crystalline Representations of Étale Fundamental Groups and Twisted Periodic Higgs-de Rham Flow

This paper contains three new results. {\bf 1}.We introduce new notions of projective crystalline representations and twisted periodic Higgs-de Rham flows. These new notions generalize crystalline representations of étale fundamental groups introduced in [7,10] and periodic Higgs-de Rham flows introduced in [19]. We establish an equivalence between the categories of projective crystalline representations and twisted periodic Higgs-de Rham flows via the category of twisted Fontaine-Faltings module which is also introduced in this paper. {\bf 2.}We study the base change of these objects over very ramified valuation rings and show that a stable periodic Higgs bundle gives rise to a geometrically absolutely irreducible crystalline representation. {\bf 3.} We investigate the dynamic of self-maps induced by the Higgs-de Rham flow on the moduli spaces of rank-2 stable Higgs bundles of degree 1 on $\mathbb{P}^1$ with logarithmic structure on marked points $D:=\{x_1,\,...,x_n\}$ for $n\geq 4$ and construct infinitely many geometrically absolutely irreducible $\mathrm{PGL_2}(\mathbb Z_p^{\mathrm{ur}})$-crystalline representations of $π_1^\text{et}(\mathbb{P}^1_{\mathbb{Q}_p^\text{ur}}\setminus D)$. We find an explicit formula of the self-map for the case $\{0,\,1,\,\infty,\,λ\}$ and conjecture that a Higgs bundle is periodic if and only if the zero of the Higgs field is the image of a torsion point in the associated elliptic curve $\mathcal{C}_λ$ defined by $ y^2=x(x-1)(x-λ)$ with the order coprime to $p$.

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