arXiv subjects

Xiang Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Xiang Liu.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources

arXiv2021

Charmonium decays into $Λ_c\barΛ_c$ pair governed by the hadronic loop mechanism

In this work, we investigate the open-charm decay process $ψ\toΛ_c\barΛ_c$ via the hadronic loop mechanism for vector charmonia above $Λ_c\barΛ_c$ threshold. The branching ratios of these vector charmonium states to $Λ_c\barΛ_c$ are estimated. The charmonium explanation of the $Y(4630)$ observed in $e^+e^- \to Λ_c\barΛ_c$ is tested. Furthermore, for the predicted higher vector charmonia above 4.7 GeV, the branching ratios $\mathcal{B}[ψ(nS)\toΛ_c\barΛ_c]$ with $n=7,8,9$ are found to be of the order of magnitude of $10^{-4}-10^{-3}$ while $\mathcal{B}[ψ(mD)\toΛ_c\barΛ_c]$ with $m=6,7,8$ are of the order of magnitude of $10^{-3}-10^{-2}$. The experimental signals of these missing charmonium states are discussed. The search for them may be an interesting topic in the future BESIII and Belle II experiments.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Where are $3P$ and higher $P-$wave states in the charmonium family?

How to hunt for higher $P$-wave states of charmonium is still an open topic when $2P$ charmonia were identified. {In this work, we present an unquenched quark model calculation to illustrate the spectroscopy behavior of these $3P$, $4P$ and $5P$ states in charmonium family.} For the $3P$ charmonia, the predicted masses are around 4.2 GeV and their two-body open-charm decay behaviors were given, by which we propose that searching for these $3P$ states via their open-charm decay channels from $γγ$ fusion and $B$ decay can be accessible at future experiment like LHCb and Belle II. We continue to calculate the masses of these $4P$ and $5P$ charmonia. Combing with these calculated results of higher $P$-wave states of charmonium, we find that the coupled-channel effect becomes more obvious with increasing the radial quantum number, which can be understood well by the modified Godfrey-Isgur model with screened potential.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

The Jet-Disk Coupling of Seyfert Galaxies from a Complete Hard X-ray Sample

We analyze the jet-disk coupling for different subsamples from a complete hard X-ray Seyfert sample to study the coupling indices and their relation to accretion rate. The results are: (1) the power-law coupling index ranges from nearly unity (linear correlation) for radio-loud Seyferts to significantly less than unity for radio-quiet ones. This declining trend of coupling index also holds from larger sources to compact ones; (2) the Seyferts with intermediate to high accretion rate (Eddington ratio $λ\sim$ 0.001 to 0.3) show a linear jet-disk coupling, but it shallows from near to super Eddington ($λ\sim$ 0.3 to 10), and the former is more radio loud than the latter; (3) the Seyfert 1s are slightly steeper than the Seyfert 2s, in the jet-disk correlation. In the linear coupling regime, the ratio of jet efficiency to radiative efficiency ($η/\varepsilon$) is nearly invariant, but in low accretion or super accretion regime, $η/\varepsilon$ varies with $λ$ in our model. We note that a radio-active cycle of accretion-dominated active galactic nuclei would be: from a weaker jet-disk coupling in $λ<0.001$ for low luminosity Seyferts, to a linear coupling in $0.001<λ<0.3$ for radio-loud luminous Seyferts and powerful radio galaxies/quasars, and to a weaker coupling in $0.3<λ<10$ ones.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

Multi-Features Guidance Network for partial-to-partial point cloud registration

To eliminate the problems of large dimensional differences, big semantic gap, and mutual interference caused by hybrid features, in this paper, we propose a novel Multi-Features Guidance Network for partial-to-partial point cloud registration(MFG). The proposed network mainly includes four parts: keypoints' feature extraction, correspondences searching, correspondences credibility computation, and SVD, among which correspondences searching and correspondence credibility computation are the cores of the network. Unlike the previous work, we utilize the shape features and the spatial coordinates to guide correspondences search independently and fusing the matching results to obtain the final matching matrix. In the correspondences credibility computation module, based on the conflicted relationship between the features matching matrix and the coordinates matching matrix, we score the reliability for each correspondence, which can reduce the impact of mismatched or non-matched points. Experimental results show that our network outperforms the current state-of-the-art while maintaining computational efficiency.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2021

Perfect $DD^*$ molecular prediction matching the $T_{cc}$ observation at LHCb

In 2012, we investigated the possible molecular states composed of two charmed mesons [Phys.Rev. D 88, 114008 (2013), arXiv:1211.5007 [hep-ph](2012)]. The $D^*D$ system with the quantum numbers of $I(J^P)=0(1^+)$ was found to be a good candidate of the loosely bound molecular state. This state is very close to the $D^*D$ threshold with a binding energy around 0.47 MeV. This prediction was confirmed by the new LHCb observation of $T_{cc}^+$ [see Franz Muheim's talk at the European Physical Society conference on high energy physics 2021].

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Transmit Design for Joint MIMO Radar and Multiuser Communications with Transmit Covariance Constraint

In this paper, we consider the design of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmitter which simultaneously functions as a MIMO radar and a base station for downlink multiuser communications. In addition to a power constraint, we require the covariance of the transmit waveform be equal to a given optimal covariance for MIMO radar, to guarantee the radar performance. With this constraint, we formulate and solve the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) balancing problem for multiuser transmit beamforming via convex optimization. Considering that the interference cannot be completely eliminated with this constraint, we introduce dirty paper coding (DPC) to further cancel the interference, and formulate the SINR balancing and sum rate maximization problem in the DPC regime. Although both of the two problems are non-convex, we show that they can be reformulated to convex optimizations via the Lagrange and downlink-uplink duality. In addition, we propose gradient projection based algorithms to solve the equivalent dual problem of SINR balancing, in both transmit beamforming and DPC regimes. The simulation results demonstrate significant performance improvement of DPC over transmit beamforming, and also indicate that the degrees of freedom for the communication transmitter is restricted by the rank of the covariance.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2021

Newly observed $X(4630)$: a new charmoniumlike molecule

Very recently, the LHCb Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN observed new resonance $X(4630)$. The $X(4630)$ is decoded as a charmoniumlike molecule with hidden-strange quantum number well in the one boson exchange mechanism. Especially, the study of its hidden-charmed decays explicitly shows the dominant role of $J/ψϕ$ among all allowed hidden-charmed decays of $X(4630)$, which enforces the conclusion of $X(4630)$ as a charmoniumlike molecule. The discovery of the $X(4630)$ is a crucial step of constructing charmoniumlike molecule zoo.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Doubly charmed molecular pentaquarks

We perform a systematic exploration of the possible doubly charmed molecular pentaquarks composed of $Σ_c^{(*)}D^{(*)}$ with the one-boson-exchange potential model. After taking into account the $S-D$ wave mixing and the coupled channel effects, we predict several possible doubly charmed molecular pentaquarks, which include the $Σ_cD$ with $I(J^P) = 1/2(1/2^-)$, $Σ_c^*D$ with $1/2(3/2^-)$, and $Σ_cD^*$ with $1/2(1/2^-)$, $1/2(3/2^-)$. The $Σ_cD$ state with $3/2(1/2^-)$ and $Σ_cD^*$ state with $3/2(1/2^-)$ may also be suggested as candidates of doubly charmed molecular pentaquarks. The $Σ_cD$ and $Σ_c^*D$ states can be searched for by analyzing the $Λ_cDπ$ invariant mass spectrum of the bottom baryon and $B$ meson decays. The $Σ_cD^*$ states can be searched for in the invariant mass spectrum of $Λ_cD^*π$, $Λ_cDππ$ and $Λ_cDπγ$. Since the width of $Σ_c^*$ is much larger than that of $D^*$, $Σ_c^*D\rightarrow Λ_cDπ$ will be the dominant decay mode. We sincerely hope these candidates for the doubly charmed molecular pentaqurks will be searched by LHCb or BelleII collaboration in the near future.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Investigating new type of doubly-charmed molecular tetraquarks composed of the charmed meson in $H$-doublet and the charmed meson in $T$-doublet

Stimulated by the newly reported doubly-charmed tetraquark state $T_{cc}^+$ by LHCb, we carry out a systematic investigation of the $S$-wave interactions between the charmed meson ($D,\,D^{*}$) in $H$-doublet and the charmed meson ($D_{1},\,D_{2}^{*}$) in $T$-doublet by adopting the one-boson-exchange model. Both the $S$-$D$ wave mixing effect and the coupled channel effect are taken into account. By performing a quantitative calculation, we suggest that the $S$-wave $D^{*} D_{1}$ states with $I(J^{P})=0(0^{-},\,1^{-})$ and the $S$-wave $D^{*}D_{2}^{*}$ state with $I(J^{P})=0(1^{-})$ should be viewed as the most promising candidates of the doubly-charmed molecular tetraquark states, and the $S$-wave $DD_{1}$ state with $I(J^{P})=0(1^{-})$, the $S$-wave $DD_{2}^{*}$ state with $I(J^{P})=0(2^{-})$, and the $S$-wave $D^{*}D_{2}^{*}$ state with $I(J^{P})=0(2^{-})$ are the possible doubly-charmed molecular tetraquark candidates. With the accumulation of experimental data at Run III and after High-Luminosity-LHC upgrade, these predicted doubly-charmed molecular tetraquark states can be accessible at LHCb in the near future.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Intra-Day Variability Observations of Two Dozens of Blazars at 4.8 GHz

Two dozens of radio loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have been observed with Urumqi 25 m radio telescope in order to search for intra-day variability (IDV). The target sources are blazars (namely flat spectrum radio quasars and BL Lac objects) which are mostly selected from the observing list of RadioAstron AGN monitoring campaigns. The observations were carried out at 4.8 GHz in two sessions of 8-12 February 2014 and 7-9 March respectively. We report the data reduction and the first results of observations. The results show that the majority of the blazars exhibit IDV in 99.9% confidence level, some of them show quite strong IDV. We find the strong IDV of blazar 1357 + 769 for the first time. The IDV at centimeter-wavelength is believed to be predominately caused by the scintillation of blazar emission through the local interstellar medium in a few hundreds parsecs away from Sun. No significant correlation between the IDV strength and either redshift or Galactic latitude is found in our sample. The IDV timescale along with source structure and brightness temperature analysis will be presented in a forthcoming paper.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

Role of the newly measured $B\to KD\bar{D}$ process to establish $χ_{c0}(2P)$ state

In this work, the branching ratio $\mathcal{B}[B\to Kχ_{c0}(2P)]$ is extracted for the first time through the fit fractions in the newly measured $B\to KD\bar{D}$ process by LHCb. With the rescattering mechanism, this extracted branching ratio is reproduced well. Our study further enforces the role of the newly measured $B\to KD\bar{D}$ process to establish the $χ_{c0}(2P)$ charmonium state, which is a crucial step when constructing charmonium family.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Hidden-bottom hadronic decays of $Υ(10753)$ with a $η^{(\prime)}$ or $ω$ emission

In this work, we propose the $4S$-$3D$ mixing scheme to assign the $Υ(10753)$ into the conventional bottomonium family. Under this interpretation, we further study its hidden-bottom hadronic decays with a $η^{(\prime)}$ or $ω$ emission, which include $Υ(10753)\toΥ(1S)η^{(\prime)}$, $Υ(10753)\to h_{b}(1P)η$ and $Υ(10753)\toχ_{bJ}ω$ ($J$=0,1,2) processes. Since the $Υ(10753)$ is above the $B\bar{B}$ threshold, the coupled-channel effect cannot be ignored, thus, when calculating partial decay widths of these $Υ(10753)$ hidden-bottom decays, we apply the hadronic loop mechanism. Our result shows that these discussed decay processes own considerable branching fractions with the order of magnitude of $10^{-4}\sim 10^{-3}$, which can be accessible at Belle II and other future experiments.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Discovery of the doubly charmed $T_{cc}^+$ state implies a triply charmed $H_{ccc}$ hexaquark state

The doubly charmed exotic state $T_{cc}$ recently discovered by the LHCb Collaboration could well be a $DD^{*}$ molecular state long predicted in various theoretical models, in particular, the $DD^*$ isoscalar axial vector molecular state predicted in the one-boson-exchange model. In this work, we study the $DDD^*$ system in the Gaussian Expansion Method with the $DD^*$ interaction derived from the one-boson-exchange model and constrained by the precise binding energy of $273\pm63$ keV of $T_{cc}$ with respect to the $D^{*+}D^0$ threshold. We show the existence of a $DDD^*$ state with a binding energy of a few hundred keV and spin-parity $1^-$. Its main decay modes are $DDDπ$ and $DDDγ$. The existence of such a state could in principle be confirmed with the upcoming LHC data and will unambiguously determine the nature of the $T_{cc}^+$ state and of the many exotic state of similar kind, thus deepening our understanding of the non-perturbative strong interaction.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Revisiting semileptonic decays of $Λ_{b(c)}$ supported by baryon spectroscopy

The semileptonic decays of $Λ_{b}\toΛ_{c}^{(*)}\ellν_\ell$ and $Λ_{c}\toΛ^{(*)}\ellν_\ell$ are studied in the light-front quark model in this work. Instead of the quark-diquark approximation, we use the three-body wave functions obtained by baryon spectroscopy. The ground states $(1/2^{+})$, the $λ$-mode orbital excited states $(1/2^{-})$, and the first radial excited states $(1/2^{+})$ of $Λ_{(c)}^{(*)}$ are considered. The discussions are given for the form factors, partial widths, branching fractions, leptonic forward-backward asymmetries, hadron polarizations, lepton polarizations, and the lepton flavor universalities. Our results are useful for the inputs of heavy baryon decays and understanding the baryon structures, and helpful for experimental measurements.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Toward charged $Z_{cs}(3985)$ structure under a reflection mechanism

Very recently, the BESIII collaboration reported a charged hidden-charm structure with strangeness in the recoil mass of $K^+$ of a process $e^+e^-\to D_s^{*-}D^0K^+$ or $D_s^{-}D^{*0}K^+$, which is named as $Z_{cs}(3985)^{-}$. The newly observed charged structure can be treated as a partner structure with strangeness of well-known $Z_{c}(3885)^{-}$ reported in a process $e^+e^-\to D^{*-}D^0π^+$. In this work, we propose a novel picture to understand the nature of $Z_{cs}(3985)$. By performing a combined analysis for the line shape of the recoil mass distribution of $K^+$ at five energy points $\sqrt{s}=4.628, 4.641, 4.661, 4.681, 4.698$ GeV, we find that the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ can be explained as a reflection structure of charmed-strange meson $D_{s2}^{*}(2573)$, which is produced from the open-charm decay of $Y(4660)$ with a $D_s^*$ meson. Furthermore, we predicted the angular distribution of final state $D_s^{*-}$ in process $e^+e^-\to D_s^{*-}D^0K^+$ based on our proposed reaction mechanism, which may be an essential criterion to test the non-resonant nature of $Z_{cs}(3985)$ further.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Unambiguous Delay-Doppler Recovery from Random Phase Coded Pulses

Pulse Doppler radars suffer from range-Doppler ambiguity that translates into a trade-off between maximal unambiguous range and velocity. Several techniques, like the multiple PRFs (MPRF) method, have been proposed to mitigate this problem. The drawback of the MPRF method is that the received samples are not processed jointly, decreasing signal to noise ratio (SNR). To overcome the drawbacks of MPRF, we employ a random pulse phase coding approach to increase the unambiguous range region while preserving the unambiguous Doppler region. Our method encodes each pulse with a random phase, varying from pulse to pulse, and then processes the received samples jointly to resolve the range ambiguity. This technique increases the SNR through joint processing without the parameter matching procedures required in the MPRF method. The recovery algorithm is designed based on orthogonal matching pursuit so that it can be directly applied to either Nyquist or sub-Nyquist samples. The unambiguous delay-Doppler recovery condition is derived with compressed sensing theory in noiseless settings. In particular, an upper bound to the number of targets is given, with respect to the number of samples in each pulse repetition interval and the number of transmit pulses. Simulations show that in both regimes of Nyquist and sub-Nyquist samples our method outperforms the popular MPRF approach in terms of hit rate.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2021

Deciphering the light vector meson contribution to the cross sections of $e^+e^-$ annihilations into the open-strange channels through a combined analysis

In this work, we perform a combined analysis to the measured data of the cross section of open-strange processes $e^+e^- \to K^+K^-$, $e^+e^- \to K\bar{K}^{*}+c.c.$, $e^+e^- \to K^{*+}K^{*-}$, $e^+e^- \to K_1(1270)^+K^-$, $e^+e^- \to K_1(1400)^+K^-$, $e^+e^- \to K_2^{*}(1430)\bar{K}+c.c.$ and $e^+e^- \to K(1460)^+K^-$ with the support of study of hadron spectroscopy. We reveal the contribution of the possible light vector mesons around 2 GeV to reproduce the cross section data of the reported open-strange processes from $e^+e^-$ annihilation which may provide a new perspective to construct the light vector meson family and understand the $Y(2175)$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Diverse Part Discovery: Occluded Person Re-identification with Part-Aware Transformer

Occluded person re-identification (Re-ID) is a challenging task as persons are frequently occluded by various obstacles or other persons, especially in the crowd scenario. To address these issues, we propose a novel end-to-end Part-Aware Transformer (PAT) for occluded person Re-ID through diverse part discovery via a transformer encoderdecoder architecture, including a pixel context based transformer encoder and a part prototype based transformer decoder. The proposed PAT model enjoys several merits. First, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to exploit the transformer encoder-decoder architecture for occluded person Re-ID in a unified deep model. Second, to learn part prototypes well with only identity labels, we design two effective mechanisms including part diversity and part discriminability. Consequently, we can achieve diverse part discovery for occluded person Re-ID in a weakly supervised manner. Extensive experimental results on six challenging benchmarks for three tasks (occluded, partial and holistic Re-ID) demonstrate that our proposed PAT performs favorably against stat-of-the-art methods.

cs.CV↗