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Xiang Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Xiang Liu.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources

Probing charmonium-like state $X(3915)$ through meson photoproduction

Inspired by the observation of charmonium-like state $X(3915)$, we explore the discovery potential of the $X(3915)$ production via meson photoproduction process. By investigating the $γp \to J/ψωp$ process including the $X(3915)$ signal and background contributions, we obtain the corresponding information of the cross section, the Dalitz plot and the $J/ψω$ invariant mass spectrum, which is helpful to further experimental study of $X(3915)$ via meson photoproduction.

hep-ph↗

Coupled-channel analysis of the possible $D^{(*)}D^{(*)}$, $\bar{B}^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)}$ and $D^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)}$ molecular states

We perform a coupled-channel study of the possible deuteron-like molecules with two heavy flavor quarks, including the systems of $D^{(*)}D^{(*)}$ with double charm, $\bar{B}^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)}$ with double bottom and $D^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)}$ with both charm and bottom, within the one-boson-exchange model. In our study, we take into account the S-D mixing which plays an important role in the formation of the loosely bound deuteron, and particularly, the coupled-channel effect in the flavor space. According to our calculation, the states $D^{(*)}D^{(*)}[I(J^P)=0(1^+)]$ and $(D^{(*)}D^{(*)})_s[J^P=1^+]$ with double charm, the states $\bar{B}^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)}[I(J^P)=0(1^+),0(2^+),1(0^+),1(1^+),1(2^+)]$, $(\bar{B}^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)})_s[J^P=0^+,1^+,2^+]$ and $(\bar{B}^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)})_{ss}[J^P=0^+,1^+,2^+]$ with double bottom, and the states $D^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)}[I(J^P)=0(0^+),0(1^+)]$ and $(D^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)})_s[J^P=0^+,1^+]$ with both charm and bottom are good molecule candidates. However, the existence of the states $D^{(*)}D^{(*)}[I(J^P)=0(2^+)]$ with double charm and $D^{(*)}\bar{B}^{(*)}[I(J^P)=1(1^+)]$ with both charm and bottom is ruled out.

hep-ph↗

Charged charmoniumlike state $Z_c(3900)^\pm$ via meson photoproduction

In this work, we explore the production of the newly observed charged charmoniumlike state $Z_c(3900)^\pm$ by the photoproduction process $γp\to Z_c(3900)^+n$. Our numerical result indicates that the maximum of the calculated total cross section of $γp\to Z_c(3900)^+n$ can reach up to the order of $0.1 μb$. Furthermore, the Dalitz plot analysis is performed by considering the Pomeron exchange as the background contribution. This analysis shows that the $Z_c(3900)^+$ signal can be distinguished from the background easily and the best energy window of searching for $Z_c(3900)^+$ is $\sqrt{s}\simeq7$ GeV, which is important information for further experimental study of $Z_c(3900)^+$ by meson photoproduction.

hep-ph↗

XYZ States

In the past decade, many new charmonium (or charmonium-like) and bottomonium (or bottomonium-like) states were observed experimentally. I will review these XYZ states which do not fit into the quark model spectrum easily.

hep-ph↗

Newly observed $D_J(3000)^{+,0}$ and $D_J^*(3000)^0$ as $2P$ states in $D$ meson family

In this work, we study the newly observed $D_J(3000)$ and $D_J^*(3000)$ through the analysis of mass spectrum and calculation of the corresponding two-body strong decay behaviors. Our results show that $D_J(3000)$ and $D_J^*(3000)$ are explained as the $2P(1^+)$ and $2^3P_0$ states in the $D$ meson family, respectively, which is supported by the calculated masses of these two states and their decay behaviors. As a byproduct, the decay behaviors of $3^1S_0$, $3^3S_1$, $2D(2^-)$, $2^3D_1$, $2D^\prime(2^-)$, $2^3D_3$, $2P^\prime(1^+)$, $2^3P_2$, $1F(3^+)$, $1^3F_2$, $1F^\prime(3^+)$, and $1^3F_4$ states are also given, which will be helpful to further experimentally study mixings of these $D$ mesons, too.

hep-ph↗

$Z_c(4025)$ as the hadronic molecule with hidden charm

We have studied the loosely bound $D^*\bar{D}^*$ system. Our results indicate that the recently observed charged charmonium-like structure $Z_c(4025)$ can be an ideal $D^*\bar{D}^*$ molecular state. We have also investigated its pionic, dipionic, and radiative decays. We stress that both the scalar isovector molecular partner $Z_{c0}$ and three isoscalar partners ${\tilde Z}_{c0,c1,c2}$ should also exist if $Z_c(4025)$ is a $D^*\bar{D}^*$ molecular state {in the framework of the one-pion-exchange model}. $Z_{c0}$ can be searched for in the channel $e^+e^-\to Y \to Z_{c0}(4025)\left(ππ\right)_{P-wave}$ where $Y$ can be Y(4260) or any other excited $1^{--}$ charmonium or charmonium-like states such as Y(4360), Y(4660) etc. The isoscalar $D^*\bar{D}^*$ molecular states ${\tilde Z}_{c0,c2}$ with $0^+(0^{++})$ and $0^+(2^{++})$ can be searched for in the three pion decay channel $e^+e^-\to Y \to {\tilde Z}_{c0,c2} \left(3π\right)^{I=0}_{P-wave}$. The isoscalar molecular state ${\tilde Z}_{c1}$ with $0^-(1^{+-})$ can be searched for in the channel ${\tilde Z}_{c1}η$. Experimental discovery of these partner states will firmly establish the molecular picture.

hep-ph↗

Reproducing the $Z_c(3900)$ structure through the initial-single-pion-emission mechanism

Being stimulated by the recent BESIII observation of a charged charmoniumlike structure $Z_c(3900)$, in this work we study the distributions of the $J/ψπ^\pm$ and $π^+π^-$ invariant mass spectra of the $Y(4260)\to π^+π^- J/ψ$ decay by the initial-single-pion-emission mechanism, where the interference effects of the ISPE mechanism with two other decay modes are also taken into account. The obtained $dΓ(Y(4260)\to π^+π^- J/ψ)/dm_{J/ψπ^\pm}$ and $dΓ(Y(4260)\to π^+π^- J/ψ)/dm_{π^+ π^-}$ marvelously agree with the BESIII data to reproduce the $Z_c(3900)$ structure.

hep-ph↗

Predicition for the decay width of a charged state near the $D_s\bar{D}^*/D^*_s\bar{D}$ threshold

Very recently it was predicted the existence of a charged state near the $D_s\bar{D}^*/D^*_s\bar{D}$ threshold. This state, that we call $Z_{cs}^+$, would be the strange partner of the recently observed $Z_c^\pm(3900)$. Using standard techniques of QCD sum rules, we evaluate the three-point function for the vertices $Z_{cs}^+ \, J/ψ\, K^+$, $Z_{cs}^+ \, η_c \, K^{*+}$ and $Z_{cs}^+ \, D_s^+\bar{D}^{*0}$ and we make predictions for the corresponding decay widths in these channels.

hep-ph↗

Towards two-body strong decay behavior of higher $ρ$ and $ρ_3$ mesons

In this work, we systematically study the two-body strong decay of the $ρ/ρ_3$ states, which are observed and grouped into the $ρ/ρ_3$ meson family. By performing the phenomenological analysis, the underlying properties of these states are obtained and tested. What is more important is that abundant information of their two-body strong decays is predicted, which will be helpful to further and experimentally study these states.

hep-ph↗

Novel charged charmoniumlike structures in the hidden-charm dipion decays of Y(4360)

Studying the hidden-charm dipion decays of the charmoniumlike state Y(4360), we show that there exist charged charmoniumlike structures near $D\bar{D}^*$ and $D^*\bar{D}^*$ thresholds in the $J/ψπ^+$, $ψ(2S)π^+$ and $h_c(1P)π^+$ invariant mass spectra of the corresponding hidden-charm dipion decays of Y(4360) using the {\it{Initial Single Pion Emission} mechanism}. We suggest to do further experimental study on these predicted charged enhancement structures, especially by BESIII, Belle, and the forthcoming BelleII.

hep-ph↗

Predictions of charged charmonium-like structures with hidden-charm and open-strange channels

We propose the initial single chiral particle emission mechanism, with which the hidden-charm di-kaon decays of higher charmonia and charmonium-like states are studied. Calculating the distributions of differential decay width, we obtain the line shape of the $J/ψK^+$ invariant mass spectrum of $ψ_i\to J/ψK^+K^-$, where $ψ_i=ψ(4415), Y(4660)$, and $ψ(4790)$. Our numerical results show that there exist enhancement structures with both hidden-charm and open-strange decays, which are near the $D\bar{D}_s^*/D^*\bar{D}_s$ and $D^*\bar{D}_s^*/\bar{D}^*{D}_s^*$ thresholds. These charged charmonium-like structures predicted in this Letter can be accessible in future experiments, especially BESIII, BelleII, and SuperB.

hep-ph↗

A search for binary black hole candidates from the VLBI images of AGNs

We have searched the core-jets pairs in the VLBI scales ($<$1 kpc), from several VLBI catalogues, and find out 6 possible binary black hole (BBH) candidates. We present the search result and analyze the candidates preliminarily, and further study with multi-band VLBI observation and optical line investigation would be carried out in the future.

astro-ph.CO↗

Anomalous radiative transitions between $h_b(nP)$ and $η_b(mS)$ and hadronic loop effect

In this work, we introduce the hadronic loop contribution to explain the anomalous radiative transitions between $h_b(nP)$ and $η_b(mS)$, which was recently observed by the Belle Collaboration. Our calculation shows that the hadronic loop mechanism associated with these known decay mechanisms can explain why there exist anomalous radiative transitions between $h_b(nP)$ and $η_b(mS)$. This study deepens our understanding of the decay mechanism of higher bottomonium radiative decays.

hep-ph↗

IDV Observations & Study of the Quasar 0917+624

We carried out intra-day variability (IDV) observations from August 2005 to January 2010 with the Urumqi 25m radio telescope for a dozen IDV sources including the quasar 0917+624. This target exhibited pronounced centimeter-band, intra-day variability during the 1980s--1990s, but its strong IDV phase ceased in 2000. The source showed no IDV in the majority of the Urumqi observing sessions, although weak IDV activity was detected in some. Multifrequency UMRAO data for 0917+624 show that the spectral index is steeper during the weak and non-IDV phases than during the strong IDV phase, supporting the idea that the size of the scintillating component may be enlarged in the weak/non IDV phases.

astro-ph.HE↗

η transitions between charmonia with meson loop contributions

We study the $η$ transitions between $ψ(4040/4160)$ and $J/ψ$ by introducing charmed meson loops in an effective Lagrangian approach to enhance the decay amplitudes. The branching fractions $\mathcal{B}[ψ(4040) \to J/ψη]$ and $\mathcal{B}[ψ(4160) \to J/ψη]$ estimated in this paper can remarkably explain the experimental measurements of Belle and BESIII within a reasonable parameter range. The $η^\prime$ transition between $ψ(4160)$ and $J/ψ$ is also investigated, and the branching fraction is under the upper limit of CLEO, which can be tested by future experiments.

hep-ph↗

The FSI contribution to the observed $B_s$ decays into $K^+K^-$ and $π^+K^-$

Because at the tree level $B_s\rightarrow K^+K^-$ is Cabibbo-triple suppressed, so its branching ratio should be smaller than that of $B_s\to π^+ K^-$. The measurements present a reversed ratio as $R=\mathcal B(B_s\rightarrow π^+K^-)/\mathcal B(B_s\rightarrow K^+ K^-)\sim{4.9/33}$. Therefore, It has been suggested that the transition $B_s\to K^+K^-$ is dominated by the penguin mechanism, which is proportional to $V_{cb}V^*_{cs}$. In this work, we show that an extra contribution from the final state interaction (FSI) to $B_s\to K^+K^-$ via sequential processes $B_s\to D^{(*)}_{(s)} \bar D_s^{(*)}\to K^+K^-$ is also substantial and should be superposed on the penguin contribution. Indeed, taking into account of the FSI effects, the theoretical prediction on $R$ is well consistent with the data.

hep-ph↗

Kinematics of the Compact Symmetric Object OQ 208 revisited

Aims. A long timeline kinematic study of the archetypal CSO OQ 208 sheds light on the physical properties of the most compact radio sources. Methods. Archival data from the VLBA at 15 GHz over a time span of 13.6 yr are used to investigate the kinematics of the radio source. The flux density monitoring data obtained at the Michigan 26-meter radio telescope are also used as supplementary information. Results. At 8.4 and 15 GHz, the two lobes are resolved into two sub-components, identified as hotspots. A knotty jet is linked with the NE hotspot and traces back toward the geometric center. The core is too weak to be detected. Significant flux density variation is found in the primary hotspots with the maximum level of 62% (NE1) and 19% (SW1). The peak in the flux density of NE1 leads that of SW1 by approximately 5.00 yr, suggesting that the northeast lobe is advancing and the southwest lobe is receding. This light travel difference indicates a radial distance difference between the two hotspots of 1.53 pc, which indicates an inclination angle of about 80.8 degree between the radio jet and the line of sight. The angular separation rate between NE1 and SW1 is 0.027 mas/yr (or 0.133 c). The inner jet knot moves at 0.047 mas/yr (or 0.230 c), about 3.5 times the hotspot advancing speed. Conclusions. The large viewing angle and the modest jet speed suggest a mildly relativistic jet. The jet axis is close to the plane of the sky. The separation rate and the distance between the two primary hotspots result in a kinematic age of 255$\pm$17 yr, confirming that OQ 208 is indeed a young radio source. In addition to the hotspot advancing motions, sideways motions provide evidence that the lobes are obstructed by the external interstellar medium.

astro-ph.CO↗

Estimation and testing for partially linear single-index models

In partially linear single-index models, we obtain the semiparametrically efficient profile least-squares estimators of regression coefficients. We also employ the smoothly clipped absolute deviation penalty (SCAD) approach to simultaneously select variables and estimate regression coefficients. We show that the resulting SCAD estimators are consistent and possess the oracle property. Subsequently, we demonstrate that a proposed tuning parameter selector, BIC, identifies the true model consistently. Finally, we develop a linear hypothesis test for the parametric coefficients and a goodness-of-fit test for the nonparametric component, respectively. Monte Carlo studies are also presented.

math.ST↗