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arXiv · 1803.10423

Experimental verification of a Jarzynski-related information-theoretic equality using a single trapped ion

T. P. Xiong·L. L. Yan·F. Zhou·K. Rehan·D. F. Liang·L. Chen·W. L. Yang·Z. H. Ma·M. Feng·V. Vedral
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Abstract

Most non-equilibrium processes in thermodynamics are quantified only by inequalities, however the Jarzynski relation presents a remarkably simple and general equality relating non-equilibrium quantities with the equilibrium free energy, and this equality holds in both classical and quantum regimes. We report a single-spin test and confirmation of the Jarzynski relation in quantum regime using a single ultracold $^{40}Ca^{+}$ ion trapped in a harmonic potential, based on a general information-theoretic equality for a temporal evolution of the system sandwiched between two projective measurements. By considering both initially pure and mixed states, respectively, we verify, in an exact and fundamental fashion, the non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics relevant to the mutual information and Jarzynski equality.

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T. P. Xiong, L. L. Yan, F. Zhou, K. Rehan, D. F. Liang, L. Chen, W. L. Yang, Z. H. Ma, M. Feng, V. Vedral. 2018-03-28. Experimental verification of a Jarzynski-related information-theoretic equality using a single trapped ion. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.120.010601

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