Improving thermal stability of MnN/CoFeB exchange bias systems by optimizing the Ta buffer layer

Abstract

We investigated the influence of the Ta buffer layer on the thermal stability of polycrystalline Ta/ MnN/ CoFeB exchange bias systems, showing high exchange bias of about 1800 Oe at room temperature. The thermal stability of those trilayer systems is limited by nitrogen diffusion that occurs during annealing processes. Most of the nitrogen diffuses into the Ta buffer layer, which is necessary for good crystal growth of MnN and thus a crucial component of the exchange bias system. In order to improve the thermal stability, we prepared exchange bias stacks where we varied the Ta thickness to look for an optimum value that guarantees stable and high exchange over a broad temperature range. Our findings show that thin layers of 2-5 nm Ta indeed support stable exchange bias up to annealing temperatures of more than $550^{\circ}$C. Furthermore, we found that the introduction of a TaN$_{\text{x}}$ layer between MnN and Ta, acting as a barrier, can prevent nitrogen diffusion. However, our results show that those measures, even though being beneficial in terms of thermal stability, often lead to decreased crystallinity and thus lower the exchange bias.