Search arXiv⌕ Search

arXiv · 2009.03868

Procedural Generation of STEM Quizzes

Abstract

Electronic quizzes are used extensively for summative and formative assessment. Current Learning Management Systems (LMS) allow instructors to create quizzes through a Graphical User Interface. Despite having a smooth learning curve, question generation/editing process with such interfaces is often slow and the creation of question variants is mostly limited to random parameters. In this paper we argue that procedural question generation greatly facilitates the task of creating varied, formative, up-to-date, adaptive question banks for STEM quizzes. We present and evaluate a proof-of-concept Python API for script-based question generation, and propose different question design patterns that greatly facilitate question authoring. The API supports questions including mathematical formulas, dynamically generated images and videos, as well as interactive content such as 3D model viewers. Output questions can be imported in major LMS. For basic usage, the required programming skills are minimal. More advanced uses do require some programming knowledge, but at a level that is common in STEM instructors. A side advantage of our system is that the question bank is actually embedded in Python code, making collaboration, version control, and maintenance tasks very easy. We demonstrate the benefits of script-based generation over traditional GUI-based approaches, in terms of question richness, authoring speed and content re-usability.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Carlos Andujar. 2020-09-08. Procedural Generation of STEM Quizzes. https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.03868

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Initial results of the Digital Consciousness Model

Artificially intelligent systems have become remarkably sophisticated. They hold conversations, write essays, and seem to understand context in ways that surprise even their creators. This raises a crucial question: Are we creating systems that are conscious? The Digital Consciousness Model (DCM) is a first attempt to assess the evidence for consciousness in AI systems in a systematic, probabilistic way. It provides a shared framework for comparing different AIs and biological organisms, and for tracking how the evidence changes over time as AI develops. Instead of adopting a single theory of consciousness, it incorporates a range of leading theories and perspectives - acknowledging that experts disagree fundamentally about what consciousness is and what conditions are necessary for it. This report describes the structure and initial results of the Digital Consciousness Model. Overall, we find that the evidence is against 2024 LLMs being conscious, but the evidence against 2024 LLMs being conscious is not decisive. The evidence against LLM consciousness is much weaker than the evidence against consciousness in simpler AI systems.

cs.CY↗

Efficient Safety Benchmarking via Item Response Theory

Safety benchmarks for language models are typically evaluated using static paradigms that treat all items as equally informative for all models, an assumption that is particularly problematic for adversarial, highly heterogeneous safety items. Applied in full to modern benchmark suites, current evaluation procedures would require on the order of $10^5$ responses, most of which provide little ranking signal. We analyze six widely used safety benchmarks and make three contributions toward more efficient safety evaluation. First, we show that Item Response Theory (IRT) recovers interpretable structure on safety benchmarks, with ability estimates resolving differences among models that cluster at the ceiling of raw safety metrics. Second, we show that adaptive item selection, which dynamically chooses informative items for each model based on its responses, approximates full-benchmark rankings (Spearman's $ρ>$ 0.90), reducing evaluation cost by at least 80% on every benchmark where this threshold is attainable, and by up to 99.9%, achieved on AIR-Bench 2024. Third, we introduce a practical procedure for extracting a fixed, informative subset of items reusable across models, a static alternative to adaptive selection with savings of 80--99.8% across benchmarks. Together, these results establish that psychometric methods enable benchmark-aware reductions in evaluation costs across the safety evaluation pipeline.

cs.CY↗

Beyond the Last Truffula Tree: SustainAI - A Water-Aware, Closed-Loop Framework for Environmentally Accountable AI

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes embedded in everyday life, its environmental footprint, particularly water consumption remains largely invisible. While energy and carbon impacts are widely recognized, the substantial freshwater demands of data center cooling and electricity generation receive little attention. To address this gap, we introduce SustainAI, a water-aware, closed-loop framework incorporating environmental accountability into AI deployment. SustainAI integrates real-time water metering, a hallucination-aware penalty model, and a water-aware routing algorithm that accounts for regional water stress. Evaluated via Small Language Models (SLMs) extracting health misinformation, results reveal an 11-fold variation in water footprint across geographically distributed data centers (0.0477 mL to 0.5360 mL per inference). Across 1,335 inference runs, the system consumed approximately 399 mL of water but produced only 240 correct outputs, demonstrating that substantial resources are spent on inaccurate responses. Crucially, SustainAI extends beyond technical optimization through a Care by Design lens, framing AI sustainability around relational ethics, regional equity, and ecological stewardship. By combining water monitoring, adaptive accountability, and Care by Design principles, SustainAI provides a practical foundation for integrating ethical care and environmental responsibility into AI infrastructure design and lifecycle management.

cs.CY↗