Observation and control of collective spin-wave mode-hybridisation in chevron arrays and square, staircase and brickwork artificial spin ices

T Dion; J. C. Gartside; A. Vanstone; K. D. Stenning; D. M. Arroo; H. Kurebayashi; W. R. Branford

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arXiv · 2112.05354

Observation and control of collective spin-wave mode-hybridisation in chevron arrays and square, staircase and brickwork artificial spin ices

T Dion·J. C. Gartside·A. Vanstone·K. D. Stenning·D. M. Arroo·H. Kurebayashi·W. R. Branford

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Abstract

Dipolar magnon-magnon coupling has long been predicted in nano-patterned artificial spin systems. However, observation of such phenomena and related collective spin-wave signatures have until recently proved elusive or limited to low-power edge-modes which are difficult to measure experimentally. Here we describe the requisite conditions for dipolar mode-hybridisation, how it may be controlled, why it was not observed earlier and how strong coupling may occur between nanomagnet bulk-modes. We experimentally investigate four nano-patterned artificial spin system geometries: `chevron' arrays, `square', `staircase' and `brickwork' artificial spin ices. We observe significant dynamic dipolar-coupling in all systems with relative coupling strengths and avoided-crossing gaps supported by micromagnetic-simulation results. We demonstrate reconfigurable mode-hybridisation regimes in each system via microstate control, and in doing so elucidate the underlying dynamics governing dynamic dipolar-coupling with implications across reconfigurable magnonics. We demonstrate that confinement of the bulk-modes via edge effects play a critical role in dipolar hybridised-modes, and treating nanoislands as a coherently precessing macro-spins or standing spin-waves are insufficient to capture experimentally-observed coupling phenomena. Finally, we present a parameter-space search detailing how coupling strength may be tuned via nanofabrication-dimensions and material properties.

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T Dion, J. C. Gartside, A. Vanstone, K. D. Stenning, D. M. Arroo, H. Kurebayashi, W. R. Branford. 2021-12-10. Observation and control of collective spin-wave mode-hybridisation in chevron arrays and square, staircase and brickwork artificial spin ices. https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.05354

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