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arXiv · 2112.11430

Improved heralded single-photon source with a photon-number-resolving superconducting nanowire detector

Samantha I. Davis·Andrew Mueller·Raju Valivarthi·Nikolai Lauk·Lautaro Narvaez·Boris Korzh·Andrew D. Beyer·Marco Colangelo·Karl K. Berggren·Matthew D. Shaw·Neil Sinclair·Maria Spiropulu
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Abstract

Deterministic generation of single photons is essential for many quantum information technologies. A bulk optical nonlinearity emitting a photon pair, where the measurement of one of the photons heralds the presence of the other, is commonly used with the caveat that the single-photon emission rate is constrained due to a trade-off between multiphoton events and pair emission rate. Using an efficient and low noise photon-number-resolving superconducting nanowire detector we herald, in real time, a single photon at telecommunication wavelength. We perform a second-order photon correlation $g^{2}(0)$ measurement of the signal mode conditioned on the measured photon number of the idler mode for various pump powers and demonstrate an improvement of a heralded single-photon source. We develop an analytical model using a phase-space formalism that encompasses all multiphoton effects and relevant imperfections, such as loss and multiple Schmidt modes. We perform a maximum-likelihood fit to test the agreement of the model to the data and extract the best-fit mean photon number $μ$ of the pair source for each pump power. A maximum reduction of $0.118 \pm 0.012$ in the photon $g^{2}(0)$ correlation function at $μ= 0.327 \pm 0.007$ is obtained, indicating a strong suppression of multiphoton emissions. For a fixed $g^{2}(0) = 7e-3$, we increase the single pair generation probability by 25%. Our experiment, built using fiber-coupled and off-the-shelf components, delineates a path to engineering ideal sources of single photons.

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Samantha I. Davis, Andrew Mueller, Raju Valivarthi, Nikolai Lauk, Lautaro Narvaez, Boris Korzh, Andrew D. Beyer, Marco Colangelo, Karl K. Berggren, Matthew D. Shaw, Neil Sinclair, Maria Spiropulu. 2023-01-09. Improved heralded single-photon source with a photon-number-resolving superconducting nanowire detector. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.18.064007

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