Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2207.07428

Automatic detection of equiaxed dendrites using computer vision neural networks

A. Viardin·K. Noth·M. Torabi Rad·L. Sturz
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Equaixed dendrites are frequently encountered in solidification. They typically form in large numbers, which makes their detection, localization, and tracking practically impossible for a human eye. In this paper, we show how recent progress in the field of machine learning can be leveraged to tackle this problem and we present computer vision neural network to automatically detect equiaxed dendrites. Our network is trained using phase-field simulation results, and proper data augmentation allows to perform the detection task in solidification conditions entirely different from those simulated for training. For example, here we show how they can successfully detect dendrites of various sizes in a microgravity solidification experiment. We discuss challenges in training such a network along with our solutions for them, and compare the performance of neural network with traditional methods of shapes detection.

Explore related subjects

cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

A. Viardin, K. Noth, M. Torabi Rad, L. Sturz. 2022-07-15. Automatic detection of equiaxed dendrites using computer vision neural networks. https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.07428

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Electronic States, Spin-Orbit Coupling and Magnetism in Germanium 60° Dislocations

Defects in semiconductors have recently attracted renewed interest owing to their potential in novel quantum applications. Here we investigate the electronic and magnetic properties induced by 60° dislocations in Ge. Using large-scale DFT calculations, we determine the band structure for both the shuffle and glide sets in their lowest-energy configurations. The band structure for the shuffle set reveals defect-induced dispersive bands localized within the band gap near the $Γ$ point, whereas for the glide set, we observe strong overlap with the conduction band. Defect-induced band splitting evident away from $Γ$ reveals Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling, an effect previously reported only for screw dislocations. Remarkably, we find evidence that specific dislocation arrangements can stabilize antiferromagnetic ordering with sizable local magnetic moments and considerable exchange splitting between opposite spin states. These results uncover rich physics in Ge dislocations through the combination of spin-orbit coupling and magnetic ordering, potentially enabling novel defect-based functionalities in Ge devices.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2026

Thermal Hall resistivity and transverse entropy production in a phonon gas

Most theories of the phonon thermal Hall effect ignore phonon-phonon interactions. Here, by recalling the Senftleben-Beenakker effect in molecular gases, we argue that a magnetic field, by influencing collisions between neutral non-chiral [quasi-]particles, can induce a Hall response. Our study of two insulators with distinct crystal structures, layered honeycomb WS$_2$ and ferroelectric perovskite LiNbO$_3$, finds that $κ_{xx}$ and $κ_{xy}$ peak at nearly the same temperature in both materials, as reported in other insulators. We show that the amplitude of transverse thermal \emph{resistivity} in clean and simple insulators is of the order of $|W_\perp/B|\simeq \frac{e}{k_B u}$, where $e$ and $k_B$ are fundamental constants and $u$ is the binding energy density of the crystal. In complex and dirty insulators, $|W_\perp/B|$ is much larger and has a significant temperature dependence. Nevertheless, the peak thermal Hall \textit{angle} in all insulators remains roughly the same.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2026

First-principles calculations of electronic structure

The emergence of high-mobility at provides a fertile platform for exploring emergent quantum phenomena and next-generation oxide electronics. Here, using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we uncover the microscopic origin of the formed at the interface between insulators. Despite both constituents being insulating in bulk, the heterostructure develops robust metallicity at the interface, in agreement with experimental observations. This charge redistribution stabilizes at the interface. The electronic states forming enforcing carrier motion strictly within the interfacial plane. Remarkably, the spin-up parabolic band hosting the 2DEG exhibits an exceptionally small effective mass -- indicating the potential for significantly enhanced carrier mobility. Furthermore, the calculated interfacial electron density exceeds that of by nearly an order of magnitude, consistent with experimental measurement. These findings identify the heterostructure as a compelling platform for realizing and open new avenues for engineering correlated oxide interfaces for quantum electronic applications.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗