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arXiv · 2310.08367

MCU: An Evaluation Framework for Open-Ended Game Agents

Xinyue Zheng·Haowei Lin·Kaichen He·Zihao Wang·Zilong Zheng·Yitao Liang
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Abstract

Developing AI agents capable of interacting with open-world environments to solve diverse tasks is a compelling challenge. However, evaluating such open-ended agents remains difficult, with current benchmarks facing scalability limitations. To address this, we introduce Minecraft Universe (MCU), a comprehensive evaluation framework set within the open-world video game Minecraft. MCU incorporates three key components: (1) an expanding collection of 3,452 composable atomic tasks that encompasses 11 major categories and 41 subcategories of challenges; (2) a task composition mechanism capable of generating infinite diverse tasks with varying difficulty; and (3) a general evaluation framework that achieves 91.5\% alignment with human ratings for open-ended task assessment. Empirical results reveal that even state-of-the-art foundation agents struggle with the increasing diversity and complexity of tasks. These findings highlight the necessity of MCU as a robust benchmark to drive progress in AI agent development within open-ended environments. Our evaluation code and scripts are available at https://github.com/CraftJarvis/MCU.

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Xinyue Zheng, Haowei Lin, Kaichen He, Zihao Wang, Zilong Zheng, Yitao Liang. 2025-06-03. MCU: An Evaluation Framework for Open-Ended Game Agents. https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.08367

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